Effectiveness of high‐dose transvaginal progesterone supplementation for women who are undergoing a frozen‐thawed embryo transfer

Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness of high‐dose progesterone supplementation for women who are undergoing a frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET).MethodsAmong the 2010 FET cycles that were included in the present study, 1188 were 1200 mg/d of vaginal progesterone, while 822 were 900 mg/d. The dose of progesterone that was used was decided by the treatment period and additional progesterone supplementation was used when the serum progesterone levels were <9 ng/mL on luteal day 5.ResultsThe clinical pregnancy rate was higher in the 1200 mg group than in the 900 mg group. The mean serum progesterone level on luteal day 5 in the 1200 mg and 900 mg groups was 12.6 ng/mL and 13.4 ng/mL, respectively. The rate of additional progesterone supplementation was higher in the 1200 mg group. A logistic regression analysis identified a younger age (≤37 years) and the use of 1200 mg progesterone as independent predictive factors for the clinical pregnancy outcome. The analysis of the infant outcomes revealed no significant difference in the distribution of birth ages and weights.ConclusionHigh‐dose transvaginal progesterone of 1200 mg/d as luteal support contributed to good pregnancy outcomes.

Predictive factors influencing pregnancy rate in frozen embryo transfer

“…Frozen ET was performed with either a hormone replacement cycle or natural cycle protocol. Hormone replacement cycle FET was performed after ovarian suppression using a similar method as reported previously 20 . Briefly, transdermal estradiol (E2) patches (Estrana ® TAPE 0.72 mg; Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co.) were started with three patches every other day from day 2 of the menstrual cycle.…”

“…Hormone replacement cycle FET was performed after ovarian suppression using a similar method as reported previously. 20 Frozen ET was performed using a transvaginal ultrasound-guided method. 4 The patients were positioned in the lithotomy position, and transvaginal ultrasound was performed to explore uterine direction and endometrial thickness.…”

Progesterone governs endometrial proliferation-differentiation switching and blastocyst implantation

“…P 4 is produced by ovarian corpus luteum after ovulation, and later, the main source of P 4 secretion changes from ovary to trophoblast during first trimester of pregnancy. In the clinical situation, luteal support by P 4 improves the implantation rate [13][14][15], indicating significant role of P 4 in human embryo implantation.…”

Sperm retrieval from a male with the rare 47, XXYqs variant of Klinefelter syndrome for intracytoplasmic sperm injection: A case report

“…Our institutional strategy for embryo transfer (ET) is that we recommend frozen–thawed ET in case with high responder for ovarian stimulation (≥10 oocytes retrieved) for the purpose of lowering the OHSS risk (Wong, Wely, Mol, Repping, & Mastenbroek, ). Therefore, 2 months later, frozen–thawed ET was performed under a programmed cycle after ovarian suppression using a previously reported protocol (Enatsu et al, ). ET was performed 2 days after the initiation of transvaginal progesterone using the two thawed cleavage‐stage (day 2) embryos (Figure ).…”