Effective Thermal Conductivity Measurement of the Candidate Ceramic Breeder Pebble Beds by the Hot Wire Method

Application of a model to investigate the effective thermal conductivity of randomly packed fusion pebble beds

“…For example, under the very low gas pressure («1 atm), the effect of gas pressure is especially obvious, while in a pressure range of 1-100 atm the effect of gas pressure is pretty negligible and can be ignored (the possible pebble deformation and even crush caused by high gas pressure are not considered here). This phenomenon is consistent with the observation by Earnshaw et al [14] and Enoeda et al [9].…”

“…Although many studies, such as calculation modeling [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and experimental measurements [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] on the effective thermal conductivity of pebble beds have been performed, effects and comprehensive analysis of many other influencing factors on k eff are still not carried out. Considering that experimental studies on so many influencing factors will spend much money and time, the preliminary study using a calculation model appear more necessary and important.…”

Experimental measurements of the effective thermal conductivity of a lithium titanate (Li2TiO3) pebbles-packed bed

“…However, it was experimentally measured in previous studies [16,17] for a temperature range of 425-775 • C. The measured values of k eff in these studies are not included in the comparison, shown in Fig. 5, because their temperature range is beyond the temperature range of this study.…”

Experimental measurement of effective thermal conductivity of packed lithium-titanate pebble bed

“…Since last two decades; worldwide efforts have been dedicated to its R&D [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The other probable solid breeders are lithium oxide (Li 2 O), lithium orthosilicate (Li 4 SiO 4 ), and lithium-metazirconate (Li 2 ZrO 3 ).…”

“…They conducted experiments over a temperature range of 100-1175 • C. In 1998, Earnshaw et al [8] measured k eff of 1.2 mm Li 2 ZrO 3 pebble bed, under helium over a temperature range of 75-1170 • C. In 2000, Donne et al [9] also measured k eff of Li 4 SiO 4 pebble bed. In 2001, Enoeda et al [10] measured k eff of Li 2 TiO 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , and Li 2 O pebble beds under helium atmosphere and presented correlations based on experimental results. Hatano et al [11] determined k eff of Li 2 TiO 3 pebble bed at vacuum to 0.2 MPa helium atmosphere and temperature range from 420 to 775 • C. In 2002, Hoshino et al [12] reported their study on effective thermal conductivity of single and binary pebble bed of Li 2 TiO 3 pebbles.…”