Effect of Various Thickening Agents on the Rheological Properties of Oil-in-Water Emulsions Containing Nonionic Emulsifier

Isaac, Vera Lúcia Borges; Cefali, Letícia Caramori; Chiari, Bruna Galdorfini; Almeida, Maria Gabriela José de; Ribeiro, Helena Margarida; Corrêa, Marcos Antônio

doi:10.1080/01932691.2012.695952

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Subsequently, the frequency sweep test was performed in a frequency range from 240 to 0.1 rad s −1 , to evaluate the viscoelastic behavior of the samples. All assays were performed in triplicate at a plate temperature of 25 °C using a solvent trap [35,36,37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid-Enriched Plant-Extract-Loaded Emulsion: A Novel Phytocosmetic Sunscreen Formulation with Antioxidant Properties

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to develop a phytocosmetic sunscreen emulsion with antioxidant effect, containing a blend of flavonoid-enriched plant extracts. In vitro sun protection factor, antioxidant activity, skin irritation, photostability, cutaneous permeation, and retention of flavonoids were evaluated. Thermodynamically stable emulsions were obtained and tested for sensorial analysis after loading the blend of extracts. The selected emulsion was stable when stored at low temperatures (5 °C), for which after 120 days the concentration of quercetin and rutin were above their limit of quantification, i.e., 2.8 ± 0.39 μg/mL and 30.39 ± 0.39 μg/mL, respectively. Spreadability, low rupture strength and adhesiveness were shown to be similar to a conventional topical product. Higher brittleness, pseudo-plastic, and viscoelastic behaviors were also recorded for the developed phytocosmetic sunscreen. The product presented a critical wavelength of 387.0 nm and ultraviolet rays A and B (UVA/UVB) rate of 0.78, confirming that the developed formulation shows capacity for UVA/UVB protection, protecting skin against damages caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Rutin was shown to permeate the skin barrier and was also quantified in the stratum corneum (3.27 ± 1.92 μg/mL) by tape stripping and retention test (114.68 ± 8.70 μg/mL). The developed flavonoid-enriched phytocosmetic was shown to be non-irritant to skin by an in vitro assay. Our results confirm the antioxidant activity, sun protection, and physical properties of the developed phytocosmetic for topical application.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid-Enriched Plant-Extract-Loaded Emulsion: A Novel Phytocosmetic Sunscreen Formulation with Antioxidant Properties

et al. 2019

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“…The phytocosmetic exhibited deformation when the shearing tension was 0.04919±0.52 Pa after 5.91±0.11 seconds from the onset of the test, thereby demonstrating that the product deforms rapidly after being submitted to tension (Figure 3) (Isaac et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Determination Of Rheological Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete rheological behavior was determined using flow curve assays with sheering rates ranging from 0 to 100 Pa/s for the upward slope for 120 seconds and from 100 to 0 Pa/s for the downward slope for 120 seconds. The sheering tension at which the sample exhibited limited flow (underwent deformation) was determined through the flow limit tension ramp test with a tension range of 0 to 10 Pa for 120 seconds (Isaac et al, 2013a). Tension and frequency scanning assays were performed to analyze the dynamic viscosity (η) and stocking module (G) of the sample.…”

Section: Determination Of Rheological Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of an emulsion containing lycopene for combating acceleration of skin aging

Cefali

Souza-Moreira

Corrêa

et al. 2015

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Lycopene, a carotenoid and potent antioxidant is found in large quantities in tomatoes. Lycopene combats diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and different types of cancer, including prostate cancer. However, its topical use in emulsion form for the combat of skin aging is under-explored. The aim of the present study was to develop an emulsion containing lycopene extracted from salad tomatoes and evaluate its cytotoxicity, stability, rheological behavior, antioxidant activity and phytocosmetic permeation. The developed cosmetic comprised an oil phase made up of shea derivatives and was evaluated in terms of its physiochemical stability, spreadability, thermal analysis, rheological behavior, microbiological quality, cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, cutaneous permeation and retention. The results demonstrate that this phytocosmetic is stable, exhibits satisfactory rheological behavior for a topical formula and is a promising product for combating skin aging.Uniterms: Carotenoid/antioxidant activity. Lycopene/emulsion form/cytotoxicity. Lycopene/emulsion form/permeation. Lycopene/emulsion form/rheology. Lycopene/emulsion form/thermal analyses. Phytocosmetics. Skin aging/treatment.Licopeno é um carotenóide com potente atividade antioxidante encontrado em grande quantidade no tomate e usado no combate a diversas doenças como doenças cardiovasculares e diferentes tipos de cânceres, incluindo o câncer de próstata. O objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver uma emulsão contendo extrato de licopeno obtido do tomate salada e avaliar a citotoxicidade do extrato, a estabilidade, o comportamento reológico, atividade antioxidante e permeação do fitocosmético. O cosmético foi desenvolvido utilizando fase oleosa contendo derivados de Karité e submetido à avaliação da estabilidade físico-química, espalhabilidade, análise térmica, comportamento reológico, qualidade microbiológica, citotoxicidade, atividade antioxidante e testes de permeação e retenção cutânea. Os resultados demonstraram que o fitocosmético é estável, apresenta comportamento reológico desejável para uma formulação tópica e é um produto promissor para ser utilizado no combate à aceleração do envelhecimento cutâneo.Unitermos: Carotenóide/atividade antioxidante. Licopeno/emulsão/citotoxicidade. Licopeno/emulsão/ permeação cutânea. Licopeno/emulsão/reologia. Licopeno/emulsão/análise térmica. Fitocosméticos. Envelhecimento cutâneo/tratamento.

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“…This network is gradually broken with increasing shear rate, resulting in a reduction of the internal resistance of the system, and ultimately decreasing the viscosity. This rheological parameter indicates that sample H1 can show good spreadability during application in the skin (Alam, Aramaki, 2009;Ribeiro, Morais, Eccleston, 2004;Zhang, Liu, 2013;Isaac et al, 2012). It can be correlated with the spreadability and with how easy formulation flow from package (Niraula et al, 2004).…”

Section: Determination Of Rheological Behaviormentioning

confidence: 98%

Organic cocoa extract -loaded surfactant-based systems intended to skin bioadhesion

Fonseca-Santos

Funagoshi

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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This study was to develop, characterize, and evaluate the physical-chemical stability, in vitro antioxidant activity and in vitro safety profile of liquid crystalline systems (LCS) and microemulsions (MEs) with and without organic cocoa (OC) extract. LCS stabilized by surfactant polyoxyethylene 20 cetyl ether, containing water and oleic acid were studied. LCS and MEs were characterized using polarized light microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, rheology and in vitro bioadhesion, and were evaluated for a period of 30 days by visual aspects, centrifuge test, pH value and relative density. PLM and SAXS assays showed the presence of domains of MEs, cubic and hexagonal mesophasephases, varying the proportions of the components of the formulations; where in the addition of the extract did not change rheological behavior of the formulations. All of the formulations were stable in the period analyzed and presented higher bioadhesive strength. In vitro antioxidant activity suggests that LCS and MEs presented a high capacity to maintain the antioxidant activity of OC extract. The results showed that the incorporation of OC in LCS improved the safety profile, according to cytotoxicity assays of systems may be a promising platform to OC extract for topical application for the potential treatment of skin disorders. Keywords:Liquid crystals/evaluation/physical-chemical stability. Microemulsions/evaluation. Surfactant-based system. Organic cocoa extract. Skin bioadhesion. INTRODUCTIONSkin is routinely exposed to stressful environmental factors such as pollutants and UV radiation. These factors produce a large number of aggressive oxidants that damage all of the biological skin cell membranes (Silva et al., 2010;Binic et al., 2013;Datta et al., 2011;Dupont, Gomez, Bilodeau, 2013). Accordingly, the use of skin care products and cosmetics has been utilized to mitigate the cutaneous photoaging process (Visscher, Pan, Kitzmiller, 2013) and these products are commonly composed of plant extracts (Binic et al., 2013).A great number of plants and plant extracts are studied for their antioxidative action arising from their phenolic substructures. Phenolic compounds are composed of an aromatic ring that is linked to a hydroxyl group, which donates electrons and hydrogen atoms. As a result, these compounds are exceptional antioxidants (Silva et al., 2010;Binic et al., 2013;Reuter, Merfort, Schempp, 2010).Cocoa, the dried and fermented seeds derived from Theobroma cacao, has been consumed since 1100 B.C. by ancient civilizations such as the Mayans and Aztecs (Hurst et al., 2002). Cocoa contains high amounts of the flavonoids (−)-epicatechin (EC) and (+)-catechin, and procyanidins B2 and B1. Additionally, other polyphenols such as quercetin, isoquercitrin (quercetin 3-O-glucoside), quercetin 3-O-arabinose, hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside), naringenin, luteolin, and apigenin have also been found in cocoa in minor quantities (Sánchez-Rabaneda et al., 2003). While the natural amount B. Fonseca-Santos, E. E. Funagoshi, J. R. S. Olivei...

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Effect of Various Thickening Agents on the Rheological Properties of Oil-in-Water Emulsions Containing Nonionic Emulsifier

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Flavonoid-Enriched Plant-Extract-Loaded Emulsion: A Novel Phytocosmetic Sunscreen Formulation with Antioxidant Properties

Flavonoid-Enriched Plant-Extract-Loaded Emulsion: A Novel Phytocosmetic Sunscreen Formulation with Antioxidant Properties

Development and evaluation of an emulsion containing lycopene for combating acceleration of skin aging

Organic cocoa extract -loaded surfactant-based systems intended to skin bioadhesion

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