Effect of time and rate of nitrogen application on the malting quality of barley

Abstract

Field trials were conducted to determine the effect of time and rate of single and split applications of nitrogen on various malting parameters of barley. The effect of a single low nitrogen application of 50 kg N ha-1 at sowing was compared with high nitrogen applications of 150 kg N ha-1 given as split applications at different growth stages. The barley was malted in an automatic micro-malting system and the malt analysed for various quality parameters. A number of the high nitrogen applications significantly increased total nitrogen, soluble nitrogen, free amino-nitrogen, and alpha-and beta-amylase activity, whereas the fine-grind extract was not significantly affected. The growth stage at which supplementary nitrogen was applied significantly affected all malting parameters except the total nitrogen content. Highest values in general were found when split applications of nitrogen were done at five different growth stages until ear emergence.Veldproewe is uitgevoer om die invloed van tyd en hoeveelheid van stikstofioedienings op verskillende mouteienskappe van gars na te gaan. Die invloed van 'n enkellae stikstofioediening van 50 kg N ha-1 met saaityd is vergelyk met verdeelde stikstofioedienings van 150 kg N ha-1 wat op verskillende groeistadia toegedien is. Die gars is in 'n outomatiese mikrovermouter vermout waarna die mout vir verskillende kwaliteitsparameters geanaliseer is. Sommige van die hoe stikstofioedienings het, in vergelyking met die enkellae stikstofioediening, die totale stikstof-, oplosbare stikstof-en vry aminostikstofinhoud asook alfa-en beta-amilase-aktiwiteit betekenisvol verhoog terwyl die ekstrakwaarde nie betekenisvol be'invloed is nie. Wat die hoe stikstofioedienings betref, het die groeistadium wanneer aanvullende stikstof toegedien is, die moutkwaliteitseienskappe behalwe die totale stikstofinhoud, betekenisvol beinvloed. Die hoogste waardes oor die algemeen is verkry met die toediening van aanvullende stikstof op vyf verskillende groeistadia tot en met aarverskyning.

Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels and Varieties on Protein and Nitrogen Content in Grain and Nitrogen Uptake by Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Sodic Soil

“…Nitrogen content increased in grain with increasing nitrogen levels. Villers et al, (1988) also reported that nitrogen application increased total nitrogen, free amino nitrogen and alfa and beta amylase activities in barley grain. Similar findings were reported by Paramjit et al, (2001) and Singh and Singh (1991).…”

Effect of nitrogen fertiliser application timing on grain yield and grain protein concentration of spring barley

“…Bulman and Smith (1993) also reported no effect on GPC where one-third of the total dose of N was applied as the ear emerged compared to where all the N was applied at sowing. De Villiers et al (1998) reported that a number of indicators of malting quality of barley were either unaffected or improved when fertiliser N was applied in five applications between sowing and ear emergence compared to where fewer applications were used and N application was completed earlier in the crop growth cycle. The fertiliser nitrogen requirement of cereals is dependent on the grain yield obtained (Sylvester-Bradley and Kindred, 2009) and, in Ireland, an estimate of yield potential is taken into account when devising fertiliser N requirements for crops (Wall and Plunkett, 2016).…”