Effect of the Porosity, Roughness, Wettability, and Charge of Micro-Arc Coatings on the Efficiency of Doxorubicin Delivery and Suppression of Cancer Cells

Abstract

Porous calcium phosphate coatings were formed by the micro-arc oxidation method on the surface of titanium for the loading and controlled release of the anticancer drug doxorubicin. The coatings’ morphology and microstructure were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition was determined with the help of X-ray diffraction analysis. Studies of the hydrophilic properties of the coatings and their zeta potential were carried out. Data on the kinetics of doxorubicin adsorption-desorption were obtained. In addition, the effect of calcium phosphate coatings impregnated with doxorubicin on the viability of the Neuro-2a cell line was revealed. The coating formed at low voltages of 200–250 V contained a greater number of branched communicating pores, and therefore they were able to adsorb a greater amount of doxorubicin. The surface charge also contributes to the process of the adsorption-desorption of doxorubicin, but this effect is not fully understood and further studies are required to identify it.

Corrosion Resistance and Cytocompatibility of Magnesium–Calcium Alloys Modified with Zinc- or Gallium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Coatings

“…This considerable difference in wettability between uncoated and coated samples was ascribed to the increased surface roughness and the porous nature of the coatings. 80 MgCa1/(CaP+Zn) showed the highest surface wettability among the coated samples (WCA: 19.23°± 8.69), followed by MgCa1/(CaP) (27.92°± 2.90) and MgCa1/ (CaP+Ga) (59.98°± 0.69). All coated samples had WCA ≤ 60°, which generally favors the attachment of anchorage-dependent osteoblasts, 83 suggesting the surface-modified alloys would demonstrate good cell−material surface interactions.…”

“…79 Surface wettability influences protein adsorption and subsequently the adhesion and proliferation of preosteoblasts on implant surfaces. 80 Moderate wettability is advantageous for orthopedic implant materials in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, and mineralization of the implant surface. 81 The surface energy of the implant material is also important for mineralization.…”

Targeted Delivery Methods for Anticancer Drugs

“…Moreover, CaP-based nanoparticles have pH-sensitive solubility; they are insoluble at the physiological pH of blood plasma (7.4) but quickly dissolve in acidic biological media (pH < 5), for example, in endosomes and lysosomes, where they rapidly release encapsulated substances [170][171][172]. There are currently many approaches for synthesizing CaP-based nanoparticles, and the careful selection of synthesis conditions makes it possible to control the size and morphology of the resulting particles [173][174][175][176]. Although nanoparticles with different morphologies are used for delivery in cancer therapy, including rod shapes [169,177], porous structures [178,179], and core-shell shapes [180,181], spherical nanoparticles are the most commonly used since they are more thermodynamically stable [182,183].…”

UMAOH Calcium Phosphate Coatings Designed for Drug Delivery: Vancomycin, 5-Fluorouracil, Interferon α-2b Case

“…As a comparison solution, 0.9 wt.% NaCl solution was used (Figure 1). A detailed description of adsorption-desorption experiments is reported in our previous work [43].…”