Effect of the Normal Microbial Flora on the Resistance of the Small Intestine to Infection

Abrams, Gerald D.; Bishop, Jane E.

doi:10.1128/jb.92.6.1604-1608.1966

Cited by 77 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(8 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In consequence, the number of living bacteria reaching the liver and spleen seems to be roughly proportional to the size of the initial infecting population (9). Nevertheless, the size of the oral challenge dose required to kill most of the normal control mice (1,24) makes this model equally unrealistic in terms of human disease (8). Quantitation of the in vivo behavior of sublethal doses of S. enteritidis in vaccinated and control mice (9) permits a more realistic evaluation of the relative immunogenicity of killed salmonella vaccines (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Immunogenicity of Heat-Killed and Living Oral Salmonella Vaccines

Collins

Carter

1972

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CD-1 mice were vaccinated intragastrically or intramuscularly with one or two doses of 200,g of heat-killed Salmonella enteritidis 5694. Control mice were vaccinated with sublethal doses of living S. enteritidis Se795. The mice were challenged intragastrically with approximately 106 S. enteritidis 5694 SMR 7 to 14 days later, and the growth of the challenge population in the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, and intestine was measured quantitatively. Mice receiving two doses of heat-killed vaccine by mouth were able to delay the systemic emergence of a gastrically introduced salmonella infection by 1 to 2 days. The corresponding liver and spleen populations were slightly lower than those seen in the normal controls. On the other hand, mice receiving the living, attenuated vaccine (either intravenously or intragastrically) developed an effective anti-salmonella immunity against subsequent reinfection.both in man and animals after oral vaccination 451

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Immunogenicity of Heat-Killed and Living Oral Salmonella Vaccines

Collins

Carter

1972

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mucus secretion and the continual peristaltic movement of contents through the lumen of the small bowel pose impediments to colonization by pathogenic and normal flora organisms (1,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and distribution of the hemagglutinins produced by Vibrio cholerae

Hanne¹,

Finkelstein²

1982

Infect Immun

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Examination of the distribution of cell-associated and soluble hemagglutinins (HA) produced by Vibrio cholerae revealed the existence offour different HAs. A cell-associated mannose-sensitive HA (MSHA) was produced only by the El Tor biotype. This was evident with all El Tor strains examined. It appears to be responsible for the HA biotyping differentiation of El Tor from classical biotype V. cholerae. The MSHA had no apparent divalent ion requirement; it was inhibited by D-mannose and D-fructose; and it was active on all human (A, B, 0) and all chicken erythrocytes tested. Spontaneous MSHAmutants of El Tor strains were selected by cosedimentation of MSHA+ parent bacteria with erythrocytes. An L-fucose-sensitive HA was detected transiently in early logphase growth with two of the four classical strains examined and with MSHAmutants of El Tor biotype strains 3083, 26-3, and 17. MSHAmutants also expressed another cell-associated HA in late log-phase cultures. A "soluble" HA was detected in late log-phase cultures of all strains tested. This HA was not inhibitable by any sugars tested; it required CA2+ ions for maximum activity; and it was active on some chicken erythrocytes but not others.

show abstract

“…The motility of the gastrointestinal tract in germfree mice is much slower than in conventional animals. S. typhimurium reaches higher population levels in the small bowel of germfree mice than in the bowels of conventional animals (1,2). Under normal conditions, bacterial pathogens may be propelled so rapidly through the intestine of conventional mice that they are unable to become established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%