Influences of Dietary and Environmental Stress on Microbial Populations in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract

Tannock, Gerald W.; Savage, Dwayne C.

doi:10.1128/iai.9.3.591-598.1974

Cited by 325 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In mice, diets with different composition induced significant differences in SFB population density ( [29,48,[55][56][57][58]; unpublished observations), but it is unknown which dietary substances are responsible for this. Fasting markedly reduces the incidence of SFBs [59].…”

Section: Determinants Of Sfb Colonization Within Specie5mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is only known that some components of the autochthonous g.i. microbiota can stimulate non-specific immunity, either systemically [59,[79][80][81][82] or locally [18,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] or both systemically and locally [82,89,90]. Autochthonous gut bacteria can also stimulate specific immunity [91][92][93][94][95] anO induce specific immunological tolerance [60,92,94,[96][97][98].…”

Section: Possible Beneficial Effects Of Sfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal, segmented, filamentous bacteria

Klaasen

1992

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Section: Determinants Of Sfb Colonization Within Specie5mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Possible Beneficial Effects Of Sfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal, segmented, filamentous bacteria

Klaasen

1992

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the faecal bacterial community may be sensitive to changes in environmental factors. Stress factors such as weaning, dietary change and transportation can cause a decrease in lactobacilli and an increase of coliforms in the GI tract [18]. The introduction of high levels of ¢bres in the diets of pigs has been found to stimulate growth of bacteria with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fermentable carbohydrates on piglet faecal bacterial communities as revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA

Konstantinov

2003

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The effect of fermentable carbohydrates (sugar beet pulp and fructooligosaccharides) on the faecal bacterial communities of weaning piglets was analysed using 16S rDNA-based approaches. Amplicons of the V6^V8 variable regions of bacterial 16S rDNA were analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), cloning and sequencing. Differences in piglet faecal bacterial community structure were determined based on the Dice coefficients for pairwise comparison of the DGGE fingerprints and revealed significant changes in the faecal microbiota immediately after weaning. Piglets fed with fermentable carbohydrates showed a higher bacterial diversity and a more rapid stabilisation of the bacterial community compared with that of the animals fed with the control diet. Thirteen dominant DGGE bands were matched with sequences that showed 91^97% similarity to those derived from the Clostridium coccoides group and the Clostridium leptum subgroup. Amplicons related to Ruminococcus-like species were found in all DGGE fingerprints derived from pigs on the diet containing sugar beet pulp and fructooligosaccharides, but not in pigs on the control diet. These results indicate that these bacteria may play a role in the utilisation of dietary fibres.

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“…It is well known that bacterial flora are altered by many factors such as diet (1,3,10), animal strain (5,8) and environmental conditions (10). Therefore, attention should be paid to assessment of changes produced by various experimental treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Population Levels of Some Indigenous Bacteria by Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Gnotobiotic Rats

Watanabe

Morotomi

Kawai

et al. 1977

Microbiology and Immunology

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Effects of each of three indigenous Lactobacillus groups on other bacterial populations were separately investigated in gnotobiotic rats. In the wall of the non-glandular part of the stomach, contents of the stomach and contents of the upper part of the small intestine, some pre-associated indigenous bacteria were reduced to conventional population levels by introducing three groups of lactobacilli : Group I (Lactobacillus acidophilus and related strains), Group II (L. fermentum) and the groups mixed. However, no obvious reduction in cell numbers of the pre-associated bacteria occurred in the case of Group III (L. murini).Lactobacilli are considered to be one of the most important members of the intestinal microflora of rats (6) and mice (2). The lactobacilli in conventional and gnotobiotic rats are most predominant in the stomach and the small intestine. In the cecum, rectum and feces, lactobacilli are also maintained at high population levels.We investigated localization of the indigenous lactobacilli at the species level in a previous report (11). In that report, it was revealed that the lactobacilli consisted of L. acidophilus and related strains, L. fermentum and L. murini, and furthermore these three groups of lactobacilli colonized differently in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract.On the other hand, populations of some indigenous bacteria such as E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci and bacteroides were suppressed in the stomach and the small intestine by the lactobacilli although mechanisms of this suppression are not yet known (6). Therefore, in this study, we investigated Lactobacillus suppression by preparing various gnotobiotic rats to which each of the Lactobacillus groups were separately administered in addition to pre-associated bacteria such as E. coli staphylococci, streptococci, bacteroides and fusiform bacteria. In this report, roles of each Lactobacillus group in the suppression are described by comparing bacterial flora of gnotobiotic rats containing lactobacilli with those of lactobacilli-free gnotobiotic and conventional rats.

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Influences of Dietary and Environmental Stress on Microbial Populations in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract

Cited by 325 publications

References 23 publications

Intestinal, segmented, filamentous bacteria

Intestinal, segmented, filamentous bacteria

Effect of fermentable carbohydrates on piglet faecal bacterial communities as revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA

Reduction of Population Levels of Some Indigenous Bacteria by Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Gnotobiotic Rats

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