Effect of the menstrual cycle on inflammatory cytokines in the periodontium

Khosravi-Samani, Mahmoud; Maliji, Ghorban; Seyfi, Shahram; Azadmehr, Abbas; Nikfarjam, Bahare Abd; Madadi, Shabnam; Jafari, Sina

doi:10.1111/jre.12161

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These physiological changes all have a major impact on the entire body, including the oral ecosystem. Increased levels of sex hormones in serum have direct physical consequences in the oral cavity: individuals experience gingivitis due to an enhanced inflammatory response to plaque while the actual plaque levels are not increased [Güncü et al, 2005;Kinane et al, 2006;Khosravisamani et al, 2014]. The exact mechanism for this phenomenon is unclear, but the presence of sex hormone receptors on the surface of gingival cells, osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts suggests that changes in the concentrations of sex hormones have a direct effect on oral mucosa and periodontium [Khosravisamani et al, 2014].…”

Section: Puberty As An Example Of Allostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased levels of sex hormones in serum have direct physical consequences in the oral cavity: individuals experience gingivitis due to an enhanced inflammatory response to plaque while the actual plaque levels are not increased [Güncü et al, 2005;Kinane et al, 2006;Khosravisamani et al, 2014]. The exact mechanism for this phenomenon is unclear, but the presence of sex hormone receptors on the surface of gingival cells, osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts suggests that changes in the concentrations of sex hormones have a direct effect on oral mucosa and periodontium [Khosravisamani et al, 2014]. Furthermore, the hormone estradiol, found in serum in boys and girls during puberty [Kumar, 2013], has been suggested to act as growth factor for selected oral bacteria: Prevotella intermedia can accumulate estradiol as a substitute for vitamin K in vitro [Kornman and Loesche, 1982].…”

Section: Puberty As An Example Of Allostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Understanding Oral Health

Zaura

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2015

Caries Res

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During the last century, dental research has focused on unraveling the mechanisms behind various oral pathologies, while oral health was typically described as the mere absence of oral diseases. The term ‘oral microbial homeostasis' is used to describe the capacity of the oral ecosystem to maintain microbial community stability in health. However, the oral ecosystem itself is not stable: throughout life an individual undergoes multiple physiological changes while progressing through infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. Recent discussions on the definition of general health have led to the proposal that health is the ability of the individual to adapt to physiological changes, a condition known as allostasis. In this paper the allostasis principle is applied to the oral ecosystem. The multidimensionality of the host factors contributing to allostasis in the oral cavity is illustrated with an example on changes occurring in puberty. The complex phenomenon of oral health and the processes that prevent the ecosystem from collapsing during allostatic changes in the entire body are far from being understood. As yet individual components (e.g. hard tissues, microbiome, saliva, host response) have been investigated, while only by consolidating these and assessing their multidimensional interactions should we be able to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the ecosystem, which in turn could serve to develop rational schemes to maintain health. Adapting such a ‘system approach' comes with major practical challenges for the entire research field and will require vast resources and large-scale multidisciplinary collaborations.

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Section: Puberty As An Example Of Allostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Puberty As An Example Of Allostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Understanding Oral Health

Zaura

Cate

2015

Caries Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous literature has also reported that sex steroid hormones affect periodontal tissues, saliva, oral mucosa wound healing, periodontal disease progression and bone turnover (Khosravisamani et al., ; Mascarenhas, Gapski, Al‐Shammari, & Wang, ; Mascarenhas et al., ). However, the mechanism underlying the association between periodontal status and menstrual cycle has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Changes in serum oestradiol and progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle may affect locally released cytokines (Baser et al., ; Becerik et al., ; Khosravisamani et al., ; Markou, Boura, Tsalikis, Deligianidis, & Konstantinidis, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vascular response of periodontal tissues is one mechanism that regulates the clinical manifestations of gingival inflammation during the menstrual cycle (Baser et al., ; Becerik et al., ; Khosravisamani et al., ; Markou et al., ). TNF‐α and other monocytic differentiated cytokines may be responsible for the endothelial cell retraction that results in increased vascular permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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