Effect of the animal's digestive system on the infectivity of Orobanche seeds

Abstract

Summary Seeds of Orobanche aegyptica Pers., O. cernua Leofl. and O. crenata Forsk. were introduced into the rumen of three rumen‐canulated rams. Infectious seeds of all Orobanche species were found in the faeces as indicated by infecting different host plants in pot experiments. There were indications that the seeds of O. crenata are the most susceptible to the detrimental effects of the animal's digestive processes on their infectivity, whereas the O. aegyptica Pers. seeds are the most resistant of the three species tested. The consequences of these findings in connection with the spread of the pest as a result of agricultural practices are discussed.

Biology and management of the fast‐emerging threat of broomrape in rapeseed–mustard

“…The seeds, which are well adapted to endozoochry, are distributed over long distances with animal droppings (Jacobsohn et al . ). The fact that the seeds are tiny and long‐lived, the difficulty in separating them before the crop is damaged irreversibly and the complex nature of the parasites limit the effectiveness of conventional control methods.…”

“…In order to germinate, the seeds require moist conditions, a temperature of 18–23°C and subsequent exposure to a germination stimulant (Jacobsohn et al . ). The optimal temperature for the conditioning of Orobanche racemosa is 20–25°C.…”

“…Animals can serve as efficient vectors because the seeds remain viable after passing through their alimentary system and are spread easily through manure (Berner et al 1994). The seeds, which are well adapted to endozoochry, are distributed over long distances with animal droppings ( Jacobsohn et al 1987). The fact that the seeds are tiny and long-lived, the difficulty in separating them before the crop is damaged irreversibly and the complex nature of the parasites limit the effectiveness of conventional control methods.…”

“…The germination of Orobanche seeds tends to be reduced below 8°C and further development is greatly reduced at low temperatures (Saxena et al 1993). In order to germinate, the seeds require moist conditions, a temperature of 18-23°C and subsequent exposure to a germination stimulant ( Jacobsohn et al 1987). The optimal temperature for the conditioning of Orobanche racemosa is 20-25°C.…”

Integrated Agronomic Management of Parasitic Weed Seed Banks

“…Parasite seeds remain viable after passing through animal's digestive system (Jacobsohn et al 1987;Berner et al 1994). Phelipanche aegyptiaca seeds lose viability if incubated in a cow stomach for 72 h or if submerged in a cow manure slurry pit for at least 1 month.…”