Effect of temperature on the development of eggs and the daily pattern of spawning of round herring Etrumeus teres

Abstract

Effect of temperature on the development of eggs of round herring Etrumeus teres was experimentally examined to construct a temperature-dependent egg development model. Mature fish were collected in the field and their eggs were artificially fertilized onboard. The eggs were incubated at nine temperatures set between 14.0 and 25.0°C. All eggs at the lowest three temperatures, 14.0°C, 15.0°C, and 16.0°C, ceased development and died at various stages before hatching. Durations required to hatching after fertilization ranged from 38.0 h at 25.0°C to 90.0 h at 17.5°C. The temperature-dependent egg development model, i.e., egg age in hours (y i,t ) at the ith stage and temperature t (°C), was expressed as: y i,t = 4.604 9 exp (-0.100 9 t -0.129 9 i) 9 i 2.593 . From the application of the model to early-stage eggs collected in the field, it is concluded that round herring starts spawning immediately after sunset and almost completes spawning by midnight. The temperature-dependent egg development model and the daily pattern of spawning presented in this study are essential tools for developing the daily egg production method to estimate the spawning stock biomass.

Effects of temperature on fertilized eggs and larvae of tawny puffer Takifugu flavidus

“…The incubation period of tawny puffer decreased (from 8.49 to 3.01 days) with an increase in the incubation temperature (from 17 to 29 °C). Many studies show that temperature strongly affects the rate of ontogeny, and the ontogenetic rate of fish is slow at low temperatures and fast at higher temperatures within a viable range (Hart & Purser 1995; Hamel et al 1997; Mihelakakis & Yoshimatsu 1998; Bermudes & Ritar 1999; Hansen & Falk‐Petersen 2001; Kamler 2002; Gracia‐López et al 2004; Yang & Chen 2005; Uehara & Mitani 2009).…”

“…However, some studies that compared these models reveal that no theoretical basis has been found from the use of the power‐law model, the quadratic equation and the exponential equation, while the derived parameters ( k and t 0 ) of the effective degree‐day model have significant biological meaning (Hamel et al 1997; Kamler 2002; Yang & Chen 2005). Based on this finding, many scholars prefer to use the effective degree‐day model to describe the relationship between temperature and incubation period (Hamel et al 1997; Kamler 2002; Yang & Chen 2005; Uehara & Mitani 2009), although this model has often been criticized because of its lack of accuracy at extreme temperatures (Wagner, Wu, Sharpe, Schoolfield & Coulson 1984; Highley, Pedigo & Ostlie 1986). Therefore, in this study, although the relationship between temperature and incubation period of tawny puffer can be determined using the power‐law model, the quadratic equation, the exponential equation and the effective degree‐day model, we chose to use only the effective degree‐day model because of its biological meaning, ease of computing and the good fit to our data.…”

“…A temperature beyond this range is lethal for the species (Brett 1979). Second, temperature affects the hatch rate (Hart & Purser 1995; Gracia‐López, Kiewek‐Martínez & Maldonado‐García 2004; Cook, Guthriel, Rust & Plesha 2005; Uehara & Mitani 2009), incubation period (Hamel, Mangan, East, Lapointe & Laurendeau 1997; Kamler 2002; Yang & Chen 2005; Petereit, Haslob, Kraus & Clemmesen 2008), the size of the newly hatched larvae (Scoppettone, Buetter & Rissler 1993; Bermudes & Ritar 1999), larval yolk absorption and utilization (Fukuhara 1990; Hart & Purser 1995; Hardy & Litvak 2004), larval feeding behaviour (Johnston & Mathias 1994), larval survival (Gadomski & Cadell 1991; Bidwell & Howell 2001; Hansen & Falk‐Petersen 2001; Berlinsky, Taylor, Howell, Bradley & Smith 2004) and larval growth (Hansen & Falk‐Petersen 2001; Hardy & Litvak 2004; Fielder, Bardsley, Allan & Pankhurst 2005; Petereit et al 2008).…”

Thermal influence on the embryonic development and hatching rate of the flameback pygmy angelfish Centropyge aurantonotus eggs

“…Many studies have shown that temperature strongly affects ontogeny (Gracia-López et al, 2004;Yang and Chen, 2005;Uehara and Mitani, 2009;Shi et al, 2010) and directly influences the larval condition at hatching with respect to the amount of endogenous resources remaining in the yolk sac (Kamler, 2008). The effect of temperature on ontogeny is determined by the rate of enzymatic reactions (Blaxter, 1969) that will directly influence the rate of development.…”