Effect of taurine on ulcerogenic response and impaired ulcer healing induced by monochloramine in rat stomachs

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONHelicobacter pylori has been recognized as the major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer diseases. [1][2][3] This bacterium has high urease enzyme activity, resulting in an abnormally high concentration of ammonia (NH 4 OH) in the stomach of infected patients. 3 Given that H. pylori-associated chronic active gastritis is characterized by the invasion of neutrophils into the gastric mucosa 1, 3, 4 and that neutrophils utilize the H 2 O 2 -myeloperoxidase-halide system to generate an oxidant capable of destroying a variety of mammalian cell targets as well as micro-organisms, 5,6 it is assumed that neutrophil-derived hypochlorous acid (HClO) interacts with NH 4 OH to generate cytotoxic monochloramine (NH 2 Cl). 7,8 Indeed, it has been demonstrated that NH 2 Cl plays a role in the pathogenesis of NH 4 OHinduced gastric lesions in rats. 9, 10 We have also reported that both endogenous and exogenous NH 2 Cl damage the gastric mucosa at much lower concentrations than NH 4 OH. 11,12 In addition, we have recently SUMMARY Background: It is well known that neutrophil-derived hypochlorous acid interacts with ammonia (NH 4 OH) to generate monochloramine (NH 2 Cl) and that NH 2 Cl irritates the gastric mucosa and impairs ulcer healing. Aim: To examine the effect of taurine, a hypochlorous acid scavenger, on the mucosal ulcerogenic and the impaired healing response induced by NH 2 Cl in rat stomachs, in comparison with those of methionine and glycine. Methods and results: Under anaesthesia, oral administration of NH 2 Cl (120 mmol/L) produced severe lesions in male Sprague-Dawley rat stomachs. Taurine (10-100 mg/kg) given p.o. 30 min prior to NH 2 Cl dosedependently prevented these lesions in response to NH 2 Cl. This action was mimicked by methionine (3-30 mg/kg) but not by glycine (10-100 mg/kg). Under urethane anaesthesia, mucosal exposure to NH 4 OH (120 mmol/L) caused a marked reduction of potential difference (PD) in the ex vivo chambered stomachs after

Role of taurine on acid secretion in the rat stomach

“…It protected the gastric mucosa against certain lesions [13-16]. Taurine is stored in parietal cells [17] and smooth muscle [18].…”

Study on the Protective Effect and the Metabolomics Features of Rutaecarpine on Ethanol-induced Acute Gastric Ulcer

“…Taurine, a thiol-containing β-amino acid, has an established role in physiology and pharmacology, including nutrition, stabilizing cell membrane, regulating cell osmotic pressure, signaling regulation and protection against oxidant-mediated injury in various organs [23,24] . Numerous tudies have con rmed that taurine exerted a protective effect against gastric mucosal damage induced by water immersion restraint stress [25] , ethanol damage [26] , or others damage [24,[27][28][29] . In addition, taurine could prevent GU induced by indomethacin through lipid peroxidation inhibition and neutrophil activation [30] .…”

Therapeutic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: a proteomic and metabolomic approach

“…From the altered metabolites in the rats treated with indomethacin, taurine level was significantly decreased. Taurine has important biological roles including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory function, membrane stabilization, modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration and protection against oxidant-mediated injury in several organs [28,29]. Indeed, it protects against the drug-related gastric damage and colonic injury by its antioxidant properties.…”