Therapeutic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: a proteomic and metabolomic approach

Abstract

Background: Gastric ulcer is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. In Iranian folk medicine, Achillea wilhelmsii (AW) is used as a treatment for gastric ulcer. Previous reports also mentioned Antiulcerogenic properties for this herbal plant. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch extract on indomethacin-induced gastric lesion in rats, from both proteomic and metabolomic perspectives. Methods: The rats were divided into 4 groups. Gastric ulceration was induced by a single dose of indomethacin (45 mg/kg) by oral gavage. An amount of 800 mg/kg of AW extract was administered orally. Serum and tissue samples were collected for further investigations. The metabolomic study was performed by 1 H-NMR CPMG spectrometry. Proteomic analysis was also executed by using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) followed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS/MS). Real time PCR was used to confirm some of the genes. Results: The macroscopic and microscopic investigations confirmed the effectiveness of the AW extract. There was a panel of metabolites which showed alteration during gastric lesion development. The levels of some of these metabolite reversed nearly to their control values after the administration of AW extract. There were also changes in the levels of some proteins including Alb, Fabp5, Hspb1, Tagln, Lgals7, Csta and Myl9 which were reversed after AW administration. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch extract could be a potential therapy to be used for indomethacin-induced gastric lesion treatment in the future. However, further investigations are needed to confirm the results.

Distribution of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Plant Parts and Populations of Seven Underutilized Wild Achillea Species

“…A. wilhelmsii K.Koch, a synonym of accepted name A. santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii (K.Koch) Greuter [ 15 ], has been shown to have antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, and antimycobacterial properties [ 16 ], and has potential for the treatment of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers [ 17 ]. The treatment with A. wilhelmsii hydroalcoholic extract significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins, and reduced diastolic and systolic blood pressure [ 18 ].…”

Integrated ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry‐based components analysis and network pharmacology strategy of Gancao Xiexin Decoction in treating gastric ulcer

“…Through the enrichment analysis of the KEGG pathway, it was found that some pathways with common target enrichment, such as the PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and HIF‐1 signaling pathway, can also regulate gastric mucosal angiogenesis through VEGF [41]. In addition, the occurrence of GU can lead to the decrease of ALB and the increase of other proteins, while serum albumin is used as a predictor of upper gastrointestinal bleeding [42], which also plays a role in the occurrence and development of GU to a certain extent [32].…”

Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Dyspepsia: An Overview

“…In Iranian folk medicine, Achillea wilhelmsii (Asteraceae) is used to treat gastric ulcers. Koushki et al [12] suggested that the extract of A. wilhelmsii could heal indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. However, the authors evaluated the gastroprotective activity of A. wilhelmsii without using any canonical model to verify its effect on gastric healing.…”