The survey objective is to check stress-protective action of thymus peptides concerning aging rats, experimentally. Methods used to study anxiety state were applied in tests with 18-months rats. It was found that thymus peptides in elevated plus maze (Thymosin fration 5 (0.5 mg/kg) and Thymulin (0.15 mg/kg)), and anxiolytic Diazepam (0.5 mg/kg) increased the motion activity in open arms, and number of positions onto hind legs in the light part of dark-light chamber. Influence of thymus peptides on the emotional stress associated with the failure of formated conditioned response of active avoidance was studied among aging rats. Within the control the failure caused a sharp decline in avoidance reactions and other demonstration of emotional tension. Thymus peptides and Diazepam prevented negative consequences on avoidance learning reactions. Thus, thymus peptides have demonstrated effect comparable to Diazepam in used models conditions. In avoidance learning model thymus peptides entirely prevented the consequences of emotional stress in ageing rats.