Effect of sulfide films formed on X65 steel surface on hydrogen permeation in H2S environments

Huang, Feng; Peng, Chew Fong; Zhao, Xiaoyu; Liu, J.; Hu, Qian; Cheng, Y. Frank

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.10.130

Cited by 74 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Since the corrosion rate does not clearly decrease as a function of time, as can be seen in Figure 10, the ionic conduction of S 2− and HS − is believed to be the mechanism of FeS formation during these tests. These results are in agreement with the results of Huang et al [19]. Using hydrogen permeation, they observed a decrease in the steady-state hydrogen permeation current and the hydrogen diffusivity.…”

Section: Hydrogen Uptake and Corrosion Rate Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 93%

FeS Corrosion Products Formation and Hydrogen Uptake in a Sour Environment for Quenched & Tempered Steel

Wallaert

Depover

Graeve

et al. 2018

Metals

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Surface corrosion product formation is one of the important factors affecting the corrosion rate and hydrogen uptake in a H 2 S environment. However, it is still unclear how the base material composition will affect the corrosion products that are generated, and consequently their impact on the corrosion rate. In this paper, corrosion product formation and the impact of the Mo content of the base material on the composition of the corrosion products and hydrogen absorption in a sour environment was investigated. The corrosion layer was composed of a double layered mackinawite (FeS 1−x ) structure, which was enriched with molybdenum and chromium. The layers were formed via two different mechanisms, i.e., the inner layer was created via a general oxide film formation corrosion mechanism, whereas the upper layer was formed by a precipitation mechanism. The presence of this double corrosion layer had a large influence on the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the materials. This amount decreased as a function of contact time with the H 2 S saturated solution, while the corrosion rate of the materials shows no significant reduction. Therefore, the corrosion products are assumed to act as a physical barrier against hydrogen uptake. Mo addition caused a decrease in the maximal amount of diffusible hydrogen.

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Section: Hydrogen Uptake and Corrosion Rate Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 93%

FeS Corrosion Products Formation and Hydrogen Uptake in a Sour Environment for Quenched & Tempered Steel

Wallaert

Depover

Graeve

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…The H 2 S is formed by the thiosulfate reduction during the corrosive process 58 , which in its turn may react with the steel surface forming a black film of iron sulfide (FeS). This film is composed mainly of mackinawite (Fe (1+x) S), a metastable phase [58][59][60][61] . The fast formation of this film in solutions with thiosulfate is due to a local increase in pH, the presence of elemental sulfur, and a higher concentration of Fe 2+ during the corrosion processes.…”

Section: Analyses Of the Proposed Synthetic Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sridhar 60 reported that, under H 2 S environments, the polarization curves indicate an active behavior however, the corrosion products formed may interfere with slight protection. The stability of iron sulfide films varies with the concentration of H 2 S and the solution pH 61 .…”

Section: Analyses Of the Proposed Synthetic Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of a Novel Criteria for Soil Corrosivity Evaluation and the Development of New Soil Synthetic Solutions for Laboratory Investigations

et al. 2022

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A novel method to classify the aggressiveness of soil considering its physicochemical content and the development of new synthetic solutions for lab uses is proposed. The results showed that the main criteria existing in the literature for soil corrosivity classification might cause misunderstandings about the real aggressiveness. The synthetic solutions proposed aim to cover a wide range of soil found worldwide in order to refine the assessment of their characteristics hence their corrosivity. For the lab experiments, an API 5L X65 pipeline carbon steel was used. The solutions presented great reliability, and they seemed to be adequate to simulate soils with the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), chloride, and high pH.

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“…In a recent refining system for low-grade crude oil, the refining temperature and pressure required have increased remarkably. The sensitivity of material deterioration, caused by the inflow of hydrogen atoms in the steel structures, is becoming higher than in the past [ 6 , 7 ]. Accordingly, considerable efforts have been made to develop the steel used as pressure vessel facilities with superior resistance to HAC [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of material deterioration, caused by the inflow of hydrogen atoms in the steel structures, is becoming higher than in the past [ 6 , 7 ]. Accordingly, considerable efforts have been made to develop the steel used as pressure vessel facilities with superior resistance to HAC [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. For this purpose, a variety of technical solutions, such as de-phospho/sulfu-rization of molten steel [ 11 , 12 ], Ca-treatment [ 13 ], cast steel soft reduction [ 14 ], and thermal mechanical controlled process (TMCP) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Alloying Elements (C, Mo) on Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Behaviors of A516-65 Steels in Sour Environments

et al. 2020

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This study examined the effects of alloying elements (C, Mo) on hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) behaviors of A516-65 grade pressure vessel steel in sour environments. A range of experimental and analytical methods of HIC, SSC, electrochemical permeation, and immersion experiments were used. The steel with a higher C content had a larger fraction of banded pearlite, which acted as a reversible trap for hydrogen, and slower diffusion kinetics of hydrogen was obtained. In addition, a higher hardness in the mid-thickness regions of the steel, due to center segregation, resulted in easier HIC propagation. On the other hand, the steel with a higher Mo content showed more dispersed banded pearlite and a larger amount of irreversibly trapped hydrogen. Nevertheless, the addition of Mo to the steel can deteriorate the surface properties through localized pitting and the local detachment of corrosion products with uneven interfaces, increasing the vulnerability to SSC. The mechanistic reasons for the results are discussed, and a desirable alloy design for ensuring an enhanced resistance to hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC) is proposed.

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Effect of sulfide films formed on X65 steel surface on hydrogen permeation in H2S environments

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

FeS Corrosion Products Formation and Hydrogen Uptake in a Sour Environment for Quenched & Tempered Steel

FeS Corrosion Products Formation and Hydrogen Uptake in a Sour Environment for Quenched & Tempered Steel

Proposal of a Novel Criteria for Soil Corrosivity Evaluation and the Development of New Soil Synthetic Solutions for Laboratory Investigations

Effects of Alloying Elements (C, Mo) on Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Behaviors of A516-65 Steels in Sour Environments

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