Effects of Alloying Elements (C, Mo) on Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Behaviors of A516-65 Steels in Sour Environments

Park, Jin-Sung; Lee, Jin Woo; Hwang, Joong‐Ki; Kim, Sung Jin

doi:10.3390/ma13184188

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the macrostructure, microstructure, and hardness profile of the two welded steel samples. The major differences between the two BMs of the two samples lie in the banding index of pearlite and the level of the 2nd phase particles, which was reported previously [ 20 ], but they were not the focus of the present study. Under the same welding conditions and consumables, however, there was no significant difference in the macro- and microstructures of weldments of the two samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Figure 2 presents the ultrasonically detected HICs of the unwelded and welded steel samples, which had been immersed in a NACE solution saturated with H 2 S. The differences in the HIC sensitivity ( Table 3 ) between the two unwelded samples are discussed elsewhere [ 20 ]. The focus here was on the changes in the HIC levels and distributions after welding the steel samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Caused by Galvanic Corrosion of Steel Weld in a Sour Environment

2021

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This study examined the hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) caused by galvanic corrosion of an ASTM A516-65 steel weld in a wet sour environment using a combination of standard immersion corrosion test, electrochemical analyses, and morphological observation of corrosion damage. This study showed that the weld metal has lower open circuit potential, and higher anodic and cathodic reaction rates than the base metal. The preferential dissolution and much higher density of localized corrosion damage were observed in the weld metal of the welded steel. On the other hand, the presence of weldment can make steel more susceptible to HIC, specifically, in areas of the base metal but not in the weld metal or heat affected zone, which is in contrast to typical expectations based on metallurgical knowledge. This can be explained by galvanic corrosion interactions between the weldment and the base metal, acting as a small anode and a large cathode, respectively. This type of galvanic couple can provide large surface areas for infusing cathodically-reduced hydrogen on the base metal in wet sour environments, increasing the susceptibility of welded steel to HIC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Caused by Galvanic Corrosion of Steel Weld in a Sour Environment

2021

Self Cite

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“…Besides, crevice corrosion may occur at the boundary due to the presence of coating. Therefore, similar to the experiments using H2S to generate HIC, there are still three AE sources during the electrochemical tests which are from H2 bubbles, corrosions and HIC [13]. In order to better distinguish these 3 kinds of signals, three different tests were designed whose information are summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: Ferrit Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Du et al [12] completed the hydrogen charging of A537 steel plates using Devanathan's double-electrolytic cell with the electrolyte as 0.2 mol/L NaOH and 0.25 g/L As2O3 and calculated the effective hydrogen diffusivity. Park et al [13] evaluated the effects of alloying elements (C, Mo) on hydrogen diffution behaviours using the electrochemical permeation experiments, using NACE + 0.05 M Na2S + 0.3 wt.% NH4SCN with constant cathodic current density of 1 mA/cm 2 . These studies show that the electrochemical hydrogen charging can be used as an effective method for rapid assessment of susceptibility to HIC of steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen induced cracks monitored with acoustic emission under the laboratory condition

Liu¹,

Han²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

eJNDT

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Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) is a common form of failure in steel exposed to hydrogen rich environments, which always occurs inside material making their detection difficult. Acoustic Emission (AE) is a promising Nondestructive Evaluation technique for crack detection. However, it is challenging to distinguish the signals generated from HIC, corrosions and bubbles. In this study, these mixed AE signals were obtained by electrochemical hydrogen charging on A516 carbon steel with the solution of 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 and 0.5 g/L NaAsO2. Microstructures of the sample’s cross-section were observed to verify the existence of HIC. moreover, separate signals of bubbles and corrosions were acquired from just exposures to 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. After analyzing, key parameters from the AE signals, i.e. the peak frequency, the spectrum gravity, the duration and energy, were identified to differentiate the source mechanisms. Results show that the peak frequency and the spectrum gravity of corrosion signals are higher than those of HIC and bubbles, while the duration and energy of HIC signals are higher than those of the other two kinds of signals. To reduce manual operations, the unsupervised learning algorithms, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and K-means, were used for clustering, for further understanding of these clusters and their evolution with time.

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“…In addition, in all reported tests, it took a long time to produce HIC, typically from 4 days to several weeks, which is a major drawback for laboratory tests. In the present study, the electrochemical hydrogen-charging method was chosen to verify that HIC can be generated in an accelerated approach [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Two Types of Acoustic Emission Sensors for the Characterization of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking

Liu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Acoustic emission (AE) technology is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that is able to monitor the process of hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC). AE uses piezoelectric sensors to convert the elastic waves generated from the growth of HIC into electric signals. Most piezoelectric sensors have resonance and thus are effective for a certain frequency range, and they will fundamentally affect the monitoring results. In this study, two commonly used AE sensors (Nano30 and VS150-RIC) were used for monitoring HIC processes using the electrochemical hydrogen-charging method under laboratory conditions. Obtained signals were analyzed and compared on three aspects, i.e., in signal acquisition, signal discrimination, and source location to demonstrate the influences of the two types of AE sensors. A basic reference for the selection of sensors for HIC monitoring is provided according to different test purposes and monitoring environments. Results show that signal characteristics from different mechanisms can be identified more clearly by Nano30, which is conducive to signal classification. VS150-RIC can identify HIC signals better and provide source locations more accurately. It can also acquire low-energy signals better, which is more suitable for monitoring over a long distance.

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Effects of Alloying Elements (C, Mo) on Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Behaviors of A516-65 Steels in Sour Environments

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Caused by Galvanic Corrosion of Steel Weld in a Sour Environment

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Caused by Galvanic Corrosion of Steel Weld in a Sour Environment

Hydrogen induced cracks monitored with acoustic emission under the laboratory condition

A Comparison of Two Types of Acoustic Emission Sensors for the Characterization of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking

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