Effect of structural characteristics on the depolymerization of lignin into phenolic monomers

Chen, Cheng; Jin, Dongxue; Ouyang, Xinping; Zhao, Lisha; Qiu, Xueqing; Wang, Furong

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.041

Cited by 62 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The experiment parameters were described previously [35]. The depolymerized aromatic compounds were also analyzed by GC/MS using a Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2010SE (Kyoto, Japan) equipped with an SH-Rxi-5Sil capillary column, and the parameters were described previously [36]. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis was conducted using an Agilent Infinity 1260 HPLC (Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a Refractive Index Detector and an Agilent PLgel MIXED C column at 40 °C using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the mobile phase and a flow rate of 1 mL/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Depolymerization of Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin over Silicotungvanadium Polyoxometalates

Shi

2019

Polymers

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The aim of this study was to explore the catalytic performance of the oxidative depolymerization of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin from cellulosic ethanol fermentation residue by different vanadium substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalates (K5[SiVW11O40], K6[SiV2W10O40], and K6H[SiV3W9O40]). Depolymerized products were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC/MS), and two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (2D HSQC NMR) analysis. All catalysts showed an effective catalytic activity. The best result, concerning the lignin conversion and lignin oil production, was obtained by K6[SiV2W10O40], and the highest yield of oxidative depolymerization products of 53 wt % was achieved and the main products were monomer aromatic compounds. The HSQC demonstrated that the catalysts were very effective in breaking the β-O-4 structure, the dominant linkage in lignin, and the GPC analysis demonstrated that the molecular of lignin was declined significantly. These results demonstrate the vanadium substituted silicotungstic polyoxometalates were of highly active and stable catalysts for lignin conversion, and this strategy has the potential to be applicable for production of value-added chemicals from biorefinery lignin.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Depolymerization of Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin over Silicotungvanadium Polyoxometalates

Shi

2019

Polymers

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“…This can be associated with incomplete lignin extraction, with some residual lignin remaining in the cellulose-rich fraction or with the appearance of chromophores during the fractionation process [42]. FTIR spectroscopy can provide reliable insights on structural and chemical features of lignocellulosic materials [43]. Therefore, to clarify the efficiency and specificity of the fractionation methods used, the presence/absence of lignin in the cellulose-rich solid residues was evaluated by FTIR and the spectra are depicted in Figure 8.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Extraction from Waste Pine Sawdust Using a Biomass Derived Binary Solvent System

Magalhães

Filipe

Melro

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Lignocellulosic biomass fractionation is typically performed using methods that are somehow harsh to the environment, such as in the case of the kraft pulping. In recent years, the development of new sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives has grown significantly. Among the developed systems, bio-based solvents emerge as promising alternatives for biomass processing. Therefore, in the present work, the bio-based and renewable chemicals, levulinic acid (LA) and formic acid (FA), were combined to fractionate lignocellulosic waste (i.e., Maritime pine sawdust) and isolate lignin. Different parameters, such as LA/FA ratio, temperature, and extraction time, were optimized to boost the yield and purity of extracted lignin. The LA/FA ratio was found to be crucial regarding the superior lignin extraction from the waste biomass. Moreover, the increase in temperature and extraction time enhances the amount of extracted residue but compromises the lignin purity and reduces its molecular weight. The electron microscopy images revealed that biomass samples suffer significant structural and morphological changes, which further suggests the suitability of the new developed bio-fractionation process. Same was concluded by the FTIR analysis, in which no remaining lignin was detected in the cellulose-rich fraction. Overall, the novel combination of bio-sourced FA and LA has shown to be a very promising system for lignin extraction of high purity from biomass waste, thus contributing to extend the opportunities of lignin manipulation and valorisation into novel added-value biomaterials.

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“…cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin [12,15,16]. Lignin is made up of aromatic components and is a promising source for the production of liquid fuels and chemicals [4,[17][18][19][20][21]. However, the bio-oil derived from lignin is unstable, acidic, and rich in oxygenated compounds with a low thermal value (approximately half the value of fossil fuels) [2,3,[22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converting Cyclohexanone to Liquid Fuel-Grade Products: A Characterization and Comparison Study of Hydrotreating Molybdenum Catalysts

et al. 2021

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Developing biomass-based strategies for liquid bio-fuels production is promising for the reduction of the aftereffects of fossil fuels. The conversion of lignin-derived intermediates such as cyclohexanone is currently of a great deal of interest. The current study aims to evaluate the molybdenum-based hydrotreating catalysts for the conversion of cyclohexanone in the presence of hydrogen. Catalytic experiments at 400 °C, 15 bar, and a range of WHSV were developed. The experiments reveal that catalyst type and reaction WHSV affect the cyclohexanone conversion, product distribution, deoxygenation efficiency, total hydrocarbon production capacity, and heating value of the product blend. The main products include C 6 cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Cyclohexane, cyclohexene, benzene, cyclohexanol, and phenol are major products. Small quantities of methylcyclopentane and bicyclic hydrocarbons and oxygenates are also reported in some cases. Increasing WHSV reduced the cyclohexanone conversion. Cyclohexanone conversions up to 89% were observed at the lowest WHSVs over a cobalt-molybdenum sample. The highest hydrocarbon production capacity (99.53%) was managed at WHSV = 5.240 g cyclohexanone /g cat h over a cobalt-molybdenum sample, while the highest deoxygenation efficiency, i.e. 81.29% degree of deoxygenation and 5.35 C/O ratio enhancement were achieved at WHSV = 0.262 g cyclohexanone /g cat h by a nickel-molybdenum sample. The heating values would be enhanced by up to 22.7% when cyclohexanone is converted over the utilized catalysts. The larger heating value (44.90 MJ/kg, 22.7% enhancement) was obtained over a nickel-molybdenum catalyst, which is comparable to the energy density of the conventional fuels. The results reveal that the catalysts are efficient in the conversion of cyclohexanone to liquid bio-fuels.

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Effect of structural characteristics on the depolymerization of lignin into phenolic monomers

Cited by 62 publications

References 31 publications

Oxidative Depolymerization of Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin over Silicotungvanadium Polyoxometalates

Oxidative Depolymerization of Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin over Silicotungvanadium Polyoxometalates

Lignin Extraction from Waste Pine Sawdust Using a Biomass Derived Binary Solvent System

Converting Cyclohexanone to Liquid Fuel-Grade Products: A Characterization and Comparison Study of Hydrotreating Molybdenum Catalysts

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