Effect of Sowing Dates, Irrigation Intervals and Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Productivity of Pea Plants (Pisum sativum L.) under Sandy Soil Conditions

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted during winter seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at the Agric. Res. Station, Veg. Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, in El-Arish, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. The aim of this investigation to study the effect of two sowing dates (15 th October., and 15 th November), two irrigation treatments (100% for water requirements for pea , which is 2100 m 3 distributed through the growth stage to irrigation every day and irrigated every two days by half of these requirements) and five fertilization treatments (100% NPK from recommended dose as control, Cow manure, and Compost at rates of 10 and 20 m 3 per fed. from each) on Sementi Pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar growth and yield under sandy soil condition with drip irrigation system. The treatments were arranged randomly in a split-split -plot design, in three replications where the two sowing dates were randomly arranged in the main plots, two irrigation intervals were randomly distributed in sub plots., and five fertilization treatments were allotted in sub sub plots. The results showed that the highest values of all growth parameters; i.e., plant height, number of branches, number of leaves as well as the fresh and dry weight of pea plants, recorded at the first sowing date (15 th October) and irrigation every day with addition of compost at the rate of 20 m 3 or 10 m 3 per fed. Followed by sowing in the same date and the irrigation every two days with addition of compost at the rate of 20 m 3 per fed. The results indicated that the first sowing date (15 th October) of pea plants with irrigation every day or every two days and adding organic fertilizer from compost at the rate of 20 m 3 per fed recorded the highest values of number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, and yield per plant as well as total yield per fed. Followed by planting in the same date with irrigation every day and adding of compost fertilization at the rate of 10 m 3 per fed. Also, the results showed that the highest values for leaf content of photosynthetic pigments as well as the seed content of N P K and protein were obtained from sowing on 15 th October and irrigation each day with adding compost fertilizer at the rate of 20 and 10 m 3 / fed. Followed by sowing on the same date with irrigation every two days and adding 20 m 3 of compost /fed. Regard to the water relations, resulted indicated that, irrigation of pea plants every two days during the different stages of growth reduced the total yield by 17.29 -17.06 % , and saving about 2.86 -3.09 % of (IWR) in the two growing seasons, respectively. In addition, increasing all investigated organic fertilizer rates with lowering of amount water irrigation led to water saving more than 24%. Among these results, it is clear that the highest value of water use efficiency (5.96 and 6.40 kg/m -3 ) in the first and second season, respectively was obtained with application of the doubled amount compost ( 20 m 3 per fed.) with irrigation every two days under sandy soil condition in Nort...

Effect of Sowing Date, Bio-health and Amino Acid on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

“…Tiwari et al (24) also observed a significant influence of interaction between sowing dates and varieties on plant height, number of primary branches. Abuo El-kasem and Elkassas (1) showed that sowing (15 th October) gave the highest values of all growth parameters; i.e., plant height, number of branches, number of leaves as well as pod number plant -1 and yield plant -1 .…”