Effect of soil conditioners on the chemical attributes of a saline-sodic soil and on the initial growth of the castor bean plant

Abstract

This work aimed to study the effect of chemical and organic conditioners on the chemical attributes of a saline-sodic soil and on the initial growth of two castor bean cultivars. Two experiments were performed in the green house of the Center of Human and Agrarian Sciences of the Paraíba State University (CCHA-UEPB), Campus IV, Catolé do Rocha-PB. In the first experiment, an entirely randomized experimental design with five treatments [(saline -sodic soil without conditioners (SSC), saline -sodic soil + biofertilizer at 10% of the soil volume (SS + B), saline -sodic soil + chalk at 100% of the chalk requirement (SS + C), saline -sodic soil + chalk + biofertilizer (SS + C + B), and non-saline soil (NSL)] and eight replicates was adopted. In the second randomized experiment the treatments were displayed in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, referring to the five corrective treatments used in the first experiment and the two castor bean plant cultivars (BRS Nordestina and BRS Paraguaçu), with four replicates. The application of chalk combined with biofertilizer promoted a better initial development of the castor bean plant in comparison with other recovering treatments. This indicates the corrective effect of chalk on sodicity and of both treatments on the nutrient availability for the plants. The bovine biofertilizer alone did not reduce the sodicity of the sodic -saline soil. Under the evaluated conditions, the BRS Nordestina surpassed the BRS Paraguaçu. Key words: Ricinus communis L., salinity, sodicity, soil correction ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a aplicação de condicionadores de natureza química e orgânica nos atributos químicos de um solo salino-sódico e no crescimento inicial de duas cultivares de mamoneira. (Solo salino -sódico sem corretivo (SSC), Solo salino -sódico + biofertilizante à 10% do volume do solo (SS + B), Solo salino -sódico + gesso à 100% da necessidade de gesso (SS + G), Solo salino -sódico + gesso + biofertilizante (SS + G + B) e solo não salino (SNS)) com 8 repetições e, no segundo experimento, também conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, referente aos cinco tratamentos de correção obtidos no primeiro experimento e duas cultivares de mamoneira (BRS Nordestina e BRS Paraguaçu), com quatro repetições. A Aplicação de gesso associado ao biofertilizante promoveu o maior desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de mamoneira quando comparado aos demais tratamentos de recuperação e indica ação positiva do gesso como corretivo da sodicidade e de ambos no aumento da disponibilidade de nutrientes às plantas. O biofertilizante bovino isolado não reduz a sodicidade do solo salino -sódico. Nas condições estudadas, a cultivar BRS Nordestina superou a BRS Paraguaçu.

Biochemical components and dry matter of lemon and mandarin hybrids under salt stress

“…Salinity and, especially, sodicity cause negative effects on plant growth and physiology (Mesquita et al, 2015) and, considering citrus plants, this problem is even worse, because of their sensitivity to the effects of salts (Ayers & Westcot et al, 1985). Thus, strategies that make viable the management of saline water in the irrigation of citrus orchards in semi-arid regions appear as an alternative for the expansion of the crop and increase in yield (Silva et al, 2012;Brito et al, 2014).…”

Dynamics of Ions in Soils Irrigated with Saline Reject

“…The use of water with high contents of salts results in the salinization of agricultural soils, causing disorders of physical and chemical nature in these soils, besides limiting crop development (Miranda et al, 2011;Mesquita et al, 2015;Sá et al, 2015). Since the water in some wells has high content of salts, desalinators have become necessary to make its use viable, and reverse osmosis desalination is one of the most employed techniques in arid and semi-arid regions (Santos et al, 2010a;Cosme et al, 2011;Oliveira et al, 2016).…”

Initial Development and Tolerance of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Cultivars Irrigated with Saline Water

“…Among the negative factors of salinization, the excess of exchangeable sodium is the main limiting factor, causing soil sealing and leading to decrease in soil fertility, for reducing the availability of some nutrients to plants (Sá et al, 2013a;Mesquita et al, 2015). In the plants, due to the reduction in the osmotic potential of the soil, it limits the absorption of water and nutrients.…”

“…In the plants, due to the reduction in the osmotic potential of the soil, it limits the absorption of water and nutrients. In addition, it causes toxicity by ions (Na + and Cl -) that are absorbed by plants, reducing their development (Dias & Blanco, 2010;Mesquita et al, 2015).…”