Effect of resistant starch on the intestinal health of old dogs: fermentation products and histological features of the intestinal mucosa

Abstract

Summary The effects of resistant starch (RS) intake on nutrient digestibility, microbial fermentation products, faecal IgA, faecal pH, and histological features of the intestinal mucosa of old dogs were evaluated. The same formulation was extruded in two different conditions: one to obtain elevated starch cooking degree with low RS content (0.21%) and the other lower starch cooking with high RS content (1.46%). Eight geriatric Beagles (11.5 ± 0.38 years old) were fed each diet for 61 days in a crossover design. Food intake, nutrient digestibility, fermentation products, faecal pH, and faecal IgA were examined via variance analysis. Histological results of intestinal biopsies were assessed via Wilcoxon test for paired data. The morphometric characteristics of large intestine crypts were evaluated via paired t tests (p < .05). Protein, fat, and energy digestibilities were higher for the low‐RS diet (p < .05). Dogs receiving the high‐RS diet had lower faecal pH and higher values for propionate, butyrate, total volatile fatty acids, and lactate (p < .05). No differences between diets were found in the histological parameters of the gut mucosa, and only a tendency for deeper crypts in the descending colon was observed for dogs fed the high‐RS diet (p = .083). The intake of a corn‐based kibble diet manufactured with coarse ground raw material and low starch gelatinization to obtain 1.4% of RS affected microbial fermentation products and faecal pH and tended to increase crypt depth in the descending colon of old dogs.

Consumption of identically formulated foods extruded under low and high shear force reveals that microbiome redox ratios accompany canine immunoglobulin A production

“…By definition, RS is not hydrolysed in the upper gastrointestinal tract or small intestine (Sajilata et al, 2006) and thus arrives relatively intact to the colon/large intestine. Ingestion of RS has been shown to impact the physiology of animals, including humans (Maier et al, 2017) and dogs (Peixoto et al, 2018).…”

Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis reduce faecal protein catabolites concentration and odour in dogs

“…Besides these results, the faecal ammonia concentration was not reduced in dogs fed the diet containing DFM. Likewise, other studies did not report a same pattern among the increase or decrease of all protein catabolites [1,3,24]. This may be explained by the different nitrogen substrates that generate these catabolites and their different utilization rates by the gut microbiota.…”

Amido resistente, um potencial ingrediente para ser considerado em alimentos funcionais para cães

“…Mitsuhashi et al (2010) notaram que as cadelas obesas não castradas no grupo que ingeriram uma dieta com AR apresentaram menor digestibilidade de carboidratos, proteínas, matéria seca e de energia metabolizável em comparação às cadelas dos grupos de dietas com amido de alto índice glicêmico. De maneira semelhante, um estudo recente (Peixoto et al, 2017) da célula às enzimas digestivas, no entanto, não foi encontrada pelos autores uma possível explicação de como a ingestão do AR produziu tal efeito.…”

“…Diferentemente dos resultados encontrados em ratos (Le Leu et al, 2009) e humanos (Topping e Clifton, 2001), Beloshapka et al (2014) não notaram diferenças na produção de AGCC ao estudarem a ingestão de até 5 g de AR/dia em cães adultos. Por outro lado, Peixoto et al (2017) avaliaram dietas com baixo e elevado AR (0,21 e 1,46%, respectivamente) ingeridas por cães idosos. Os pesquisadores não obtiveram diferenças entre as dietas sobre os parâmetros histológicos da mucosa intestinal.…”

“…Deste modo, o AR pode ser incluído na categoria dos alimentos funcionais que se refere aos gêneros alimentícios que podem proporcionar benefícios nutricionais, dietéticos e metabólicos específicos, contribuindo assim no controle e redução do risco de doenças. Contudo, Peixoto et al (2017) afirma que poucos estudos têm abordado sobre o AR e sua administração para cães.…”