Abstract:The effect of the Pt–Sn/α-Al2O3 catalyst reduction method on dehydrogenation of mixed-light paraffins to olefins has been studied in this work. Pt–Sn/α-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by two different methods: (a) liquid phase reduction with NaBH4 and (b) gas phase reduction with hydrogen. The catalytic performance of these two catalysts for dehydrogenation of paraffins was compared. Also, the synergy between the catalyst reduction method and mixed-paraffin feed (against individual paraffin feed) was studied. Th… Show more
“…Moreover, the sorption bands of the Al-O-Al bond at 911, 804, and 637 cm −1 are indexed to asymmetric/symmetric stretching and bending vibration [ 24 , 44 , 45 ]. The peak below 700 cm −1 corresponds to Al +3 octahedral arrangement in the SnCa-oxide hcp lattice.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 10.1371/journal.pone.0276888.g003 Fig 3 XRD diffraction patterns of Al 2 O 3 and SnCaAl 2 O 3 nanoparticles. Whereas D is the crystallite size in nm, λ (0.154056 nm for CuKα radiation) is the wavelength of the monochromatic X-ray beam, FWHM is the full width (rad) for the diffraction peak at half-maximum under consideration, and θ is the Bragg angle (deg) [ 44 , 49 , 50 ]. The average crystallite size of alumina particles was determined at 55 nm after averaging the results from the (2 2 0), (3 1 1), (4 0 0), and (4 4 0) reflections [ 51 , 52 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, other thermodynamically stable phases, such as CaAl 12 O 19 , Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 , and Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 , could occur in the Al2O3 and CaO system after sintering have not been detected. On the other hand, XRD indicates the production of CaAl 2 O 4 [ 24 , 44 , 45 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, other thermodynamically stable phases, such as CaAl 12 O 19 , Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 , and Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 , could occur in the Al2O3 and CaO system after sintering have not been detected. On the other hand, XRD indicates the production of CaAl 2 O 4[24,44,45]. The morphology and diameter characteristics of the as-prepared nanoparticles can be conducted by HR-TEM analysis.Fig 4 depicts the T.E.M.…”
The presence of heavy metals in drinking water or wastewater poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. Hence, the present study focused on synthesizing SnCaAl2O3 core-shell nanoparticles (C.N.P.s) in the α-Alumina phase by thermal annealing a stacked structure sandwiched between two Al2O3 layers at low temperatures. The obtained structure showed Sn N.P. floating gate with an Al2O3 dielectric stacked tunneling barrier to remove the excess of these heavy metals from polluted water. To characterize the prepared composites, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were used. The synthesized SnCaAl2O3 C.N.P.s composite was examined to utilize it as an adsorbent for removing Zn, Cd, and Pb divalent cations. The removal efficiency was studied by various parameters such as adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, metal concentrations, temperature, and coexisting ions. The experimental results were tested via Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The obtained results were convenient to the Freundlich isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption thermodynamic behavior of Zn+2, Cd+2, and Pb+2 on the synthesized composite was examined, and the process is endothermic and spontaneous under experimental conditions. The results illustrated that the adsorption efficiency of the SnCaAl2O3 core-shell nanoparticles (C.N.P.s) ranged from 88% to about 100% for all cations.
“…Moreover, the sorption bands of the Al-O-Al bond at 911, 804, and 637 cm −1 are indexed to asymmetric/symmetric stretching and bending vibration [ 24 , 44 , 45 ]. The peak below 700 cm −1 corresponds to Al +3 octahedral arrangement in the SnCa-oxide hcp lattice.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 10.1371/journal.pone.0276888.g003 Fig 3 XRD diffraction patterns of Al 2 O 3 and SnCaAl 2 O 3 nanoparticles. Whereas D is the crystallite size in nm, λ (0.154056 nm for CuKα radiation) is the wavelength of the monochromatic X-ray beam, FWHM is the full width (rad) for the diffraction peak at half-maximum under consideration, and θ is the Bragg angle (deg) [ 44 , 49 , 50 ]. The average crystallite size of alumina particles was determined at 55 nm after averaging the results from the (2 2 0), (3 1 1), (4 0 0), and (4 4 0) reflections [ 51 , 52 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, other thermodynamically stable phases, such as CaAl 12 O 19 , Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 , and Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 , could occur in the Al2O3 and CaO system after sintering have not been detected. On the other hand, XRD indicates the production of CaAl 2 O 4 [ 24 , 44 , 45 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, other thermodynamically stable phases, such as CaAl 12 O 19 , Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 , and Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 , could occur in the Al2O3 and CaO system after sintering have not been detected. On the other hand, XRD indicates the production of CaAl 2 O 4[24,44,45]. The morphology and diameter characteristics of the as-prepared nanoparticles can be conducted by HR-TEM analysis.Fig 4 depicts the T.E.M.…”
The presence of heavy metals in drinking water or wastewater poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. Hence, the present study focused on synthesizing SnCaAl2O3 core-shell nanoparticles (C.N.P.s) in the α-Alumina phase by thermal annealing a stacked structure sandwiched between two Al2O3 layers at low temperatures. The obtained structure showed Sn N.P. floating gate with an Al2O3 dielectric stacked tunneling barrier to remove the excess of these heavy metals from polluted water. To characterize the prepared composites, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were used. The synthesized SnCaAl2O3 C.N.P.s composite was examined to utilize it as an adsorbent for removing Zn, Cd, and Pb divalent cations. The removal efficiency was studied by various parameters such as adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, metal concentrations, temperature, and coexisting ions. The experimental results were tested via Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The obtained results were convenient to the Freundlich isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption thermodynamic behavior of Zn+2, Cd+2, and Pb+2 on the synthesized composite was examined, and the process is endothermic and spontaneous under experimental conditions. The results illustrated that the adsorption efficiency of the SnCaAl2O3 core-shell nanoparticles (C.N.P.s) ranged from 88% to about 100% for all cations.
“…The highresolution (HR) spectra of Pt 4 f consists of a doublet of that corresponds to characteristics of Pt (0) with the binding energy of 71.3 and 74.5 eV for 4f 7/2 and 4f 5/2 , respectively. 21,24 A doublet with the binding energy of ∼73 and 76 eV is also present in the highresolution spectra, which corresponds to characteristics of Pt (II) oxidation state (Fig. 3b).…”
We report on a dual functional Nb2CTx@Pt nanocomposite which shows good promise for the detection of physiologically relevant L-Cysteine (L-Cys) and for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The nanocomposite material was synthesized using a facile self-reduction strategy, after which Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) were found to deposit on Nb2CTx layered structure. The optimum loading of PtNPs on the nanocomposite was also optimized and it was found that Nb2CTx@Pt0.48 produced the best results for both sensing and OER applications. This Nb2CTx@Pt0.48 nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode was able to detect L-Cys in the linear range of 100 pM–10 µM with an LOD of 41 pM along with high selectivity. Also, Nb2CTx@Pt0.48 was able to produce the best OER performance by attaining an OER current of 10 mA/cm2 at a potential of 1.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in addition to showcasing good durability even after the performance of an accelerated durability test of 500 cycles in the absence of binder molecules. This dual functional Nb2CTx@Pt0.48 nanocomposite has the capability to benefit both the healthcare and energy generation scenarios thus showing its versatility.
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