“…A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 Zirconium carbide (ZrC) has attracted increasing interest due to its high melting point (3540 o C) [1], great hardness (25.5 GPa) [2], relatively low density (6.64 g cm −3 ) and good ablation resistance [3][4][5][6], which make it attractive for aerospace applications such as hypersonic flight, atmospheric re-entry and rocket propulsion [7,8], where the operating temperature can be in excess of 3000 o C [6]. However, monolithic ZrC ceramic is very brittle and not practical for many applications [9,10].…”