Effect of Poultry Manure on Pepper Veinal Mottle Virus (PVMV), Yield and Agronomic Parameters of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) in Nigeria

Abstract

Four fertilizer treatments were applied to two PVMV susceptible pepper (Capsicun annuum) varieties (NHV1-D96 and NHV1-E96) and one PVMV tolerant variety (NHV1-G96) to determine their effects in reducing the incidence and severity of pepper veinal mottle virus disease and on yield and agronomic parameters. The treatments were: (1) no manure application, (2) poultry litter organic manure at the rate of 10 tons/ha, (3) poultry litter organic manure at the rate of 20 tons/ha, and (4) NPK (20:10:10) at the rate of 0.26 tons/ha inorganic fertilizer. Broadcasting method was used for all the fertilizer applications. The experiment was carried out both in the field using a randomized complete block design and in 5 kg sterilized soil-potted experiment in the greenhouse in complete randomized design. The treatments showed a significant effect (P < 0.01) on PVMV disease incidence and severity, plant height, leaf number, internodes distance, number of fruit per plant, and fruit yield both in the field and greenhouse plants. The interactions between the treatments were also significant (P < 0.05) for PVMV disease incidence and severity, plant height, leaf number, internodes distance, number of fruit per plant and fruit yield. Mean PVMV disease incidence and severity, plant height, leaf number, internodes distance, number of fruit per plant and fruit yield, varied significantly (P < 0.05) in all the treatments applied. The application of 10 tons/ha and 20 tons/ha poultry manure showed a significant (P < 0.01) effect in reducing the incidence and severity of PVMV disease on the three pepper varieties. The poultry manure treatments were also observed to have positively and significantly contributed (P < 0.05) to the plant height, leaf number and fruit yield of PVMV infected pepper plants in all the three pepper varieties used both in the field and in the greenhouse. The yield of pepper decreased with increasing PVMV disease incidence and severity in all the treatments.

Effects of Chicken Manure on Growth and Yield of Jute Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) under Rain-Fed Conditions of Sudan

“…This is in harmony with the findings and reports of many researchers [14]- [16] [31]. It is also similar to the findings of [32] who reported increased plant height of pepper resulting from application of high rate of chicken manure.…”

“…The lowest number of leaves was obtained from jute mallow plants which did not receive chicken manure fertilizer. It is also similar to the findings of [32] who reported increased number of leaves of pepper resulting from application of high rate of chicken manure. This could be attributed to the fact that 20 t/ha was compatible with the requirements and growing characteristics of the crop, drainage and slope of the land.…”

Influence of weed control methods, poultry manure and planting pattern on growth and yield attributes of maize (<i>Zea mays </i>l.) in the northern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria

“…Plants that received 8 t/ha of poultry manure grew taller than other plants that received 4 t/ha and the shortest plants that received no application of poultry manure, possibly because more concentrated nutrients or minerals were made readily available and easily absorbable by the receiving plants leading to faster growth and development. This finding is in line with the work of Fagimi and Odebode (2007) who reported increased plant height and number of leaves of pepper resulting from application of poultry manure. Higher total grain yield from plots that received 8 t/ha, than plots that received 4 t/ha of manure was possible as more nutrient were released which mineralized rapidly for plant uptake and utilization, which favoured the yield increase.…”

“…Higher total grain yield from plots that received 8 t/ha, than plots that received 4 t/ha of manure was possible as more nutrient were released which mineralized rapidly for plant uptake and utilization, which favoured the yield increase. This is similar to the findings of DIPA (2006); Fagimi and Odebode, (2007); Gopinath et al, (2008) and Enujeke et al, (2013).…”

Genomic sequencing and analysis of Chilli ringspot virus, a novel potyvirus

“…Potyviruses have a wide host range. Several of them infect chilli peppers and causes significant yield losses [6][7][8]. The recent reports of a new chilli-infecting virus, ChiRSV, in Vietnam [1] and in Hainan, China [3] suggest additional chilliinfecting potyviruses may yet be discovered.…”