Effect of Phaleria Macrocarpa Flesh Fruits Extract on MDA Level, SGOT and SGPT Activity in Serum of Experimental Rats Contaminated by Cd (II) Ion

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cd (II) ion is a heavy metal that has a toxic ability in the human body. P. macrocarpa has been used as anticancer, Diabetes Mellitus and antimicrobe because it consists of flavonoid, steroid, and tannin.
 AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of P. macrocarpa fruits extract as an antidote for the toxicity of Cd (II) in the liver of experimental rats.
 METHODS: The experimental laboratory was done by using 9 female of Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) that divided into 3 groups with the age between 2.5-3 months and weight between 133-160 grams. The first group was a control given distilled water and a normal diet. The second group was given antidote 5 mL of P. macrocarpa fruit extract x BW/200 g dosage for 7 days and induced by 1000 mg/L of Cd (II) ion with dosage of 1 mL x BW/200 g. The third group was given 1000 mg/L Cd (II) ion only of 1 mL x BW/200 g. After 5 hours, the blood sample was taken for analysis of MDA, SGOT, and SGPT.
 RESULTS: As the result of experimental rats exposed with Cd (II) ion, there are significant decreasing of all the observed parameters including MAD, SGOT and SGPT with percentage 71.5%, 72.1%, and 93.6% respectively.
 CONCLUSION: The rats given with the antidote of Phaleria macrocarpa flesh fruit were able to protect the liver from damage due to exposure to Cd (II) as seen from the decrease in liver function enzyme parameters namely SGOT and SGPT.

Toxicity Effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (Mahkota Dewa) on Liver Function in Sprague Dawley Rats

“…Normal range for plasma ALP level is 53 to 184 U/L. 22 The results with Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract are in agreement with results obtained by two studies that found hepatoprotective effect of phaleria macrocarpa against ethanolinduced hepatotoxicity and carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. 23,24 The total mean of plasma ALP level was within the normal range (125.93 U/L).…”

https://theijmed.com/index.php?journal=theijmed&page=issue&op=view&path%5B%5D=24

“…Phaleria macrocarpa in several previous studies it was stated that it was successful in providing protection to the liver with the findings of signs of improved liver function (decreased levels of SGOT and SGPT) Altaf et al, 2013;Nasution et al, 2019). These decrease of liver enzyme processsed through Phaleria macrocarpa extract mechanism that can give antioxidant activity in the body.…”

“…The content of flavonoids and phenolics extracted from Phaleria macrocarpa can increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) which is a catalyst to inhibit the change of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide so that it acts as an antioxidant so that hydroxyl radicals are not formed which can cause lipid peroxidation in cell membranes (liver) so that they experience Dead. The condition of liver that is protected from free radicals due to the administration of Phaleria macrocarpa extract will show signs of good liver function with SGOT and SGPT enzyme markers in normal or decreased vulnerability Nasution et al, 2019).…”