Effect of periodontal therapy on C-reactive protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis: A clinical and biochemical study

Abstract

Background and Objectives:C-reactive protein (CRP) is a type I acute phase reactant. A number of studies have reported elevated serum CRP levels in periodontitis subjects, which decrease following periodontal therapy. However, the data of interventional studies on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of CRP is very scarce. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on GCF CRP levels in patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.Materials and Methods:A total of 60 subjects were included in the study with 20 subjects each in following groups: I-Healthy, II-Gingivitis, III-Mild periodontitis based on community periodontal index scores. Periodontal therapy was performed on Group II and Group III patients. GCF was collected from each subject at baseline and 3 months after periodontal therapy. The collected sample was subjected to biochemical analysis to detect CRP levels by using commercially available chemiluminescence immunoassay kit.Results:The present study demonstrated that the periodontitis group had a higher mean CRP level (2.49 ± 0.47 ng/ml) when compared with the Gingivitis group (1.40 ± 0.32 ng/ml) and Healthy group (0.56 ± 0.20 ng/ml). The mean CRP values after periodontal therapy were found to be reduced to 0.44 ± 0.23 ng/ml in Group II and 1.30 ± 0.36 ng/ml in Group III patients.Interpretation and Conclusion:Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that GCF CRP level progressively increases from periodontal health to disease. It can also be stated that there is a decrease in GCF CRP levels with periodontal treatment.

C‐Reactive Protein in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis, Gingivitis, and Gingival Recessions

“…Study of Goyal et al showed the highest CRP levels in patients with aggressive periodontitis and the lowest values in the group of healthy patients [ 7 ]. Other studies showed increased CRP levels in patients with chronic periodontitis compared to patients with gingivitis [ 10 , 17 ]. Thus, CRP increases with disabilities of periodontium.…”

“…A study by Jayaprakash et al revealed that the periodontitis group had a higher mean CRP level (2.49 ± 0.47 ng/mL) compared to the gingivitis group (1.40 ± 0.32 ng/mL) and healthy group (0.56 ± 0.20 ng/mL) [ 10 ]. The study conducted by Shojaee et al demonstrated the difference between CRP in healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease, gingivitis, chronic periodontitis and healthy control.…”

C-reactive protein in patients with aggressive periodontitis

“…Changes in peripheral blood cellular and molecular components can be found in patients with periodontitis due to inflammatory changes of the periodontal tissues 8 . Positive correlation between CRP and periodontal disease severity was proved by many studies,9, 10, 11 and levels of CRP decrease after nonsurgical periodontal therapy, 12 but most studies have focused on CRP levels in chronic periodontitis, and very few are conducted on patients with aggressive periodontitis 13, 14. The link between inflammation and systemic diseases, e.g.…”

The effect of treated apical periodontitis before heart valve surgery on C‐reactive protein levels

“…Chronic bacterial infections are one of the well‐established risk factors for high CRP levels (Tüter, Kurtis, & Serdar, 2007). A positive correlation between CRP and periodontal disease severity was proved in many studies (Jayaprakash, Aghanashini, Chatterjee, Rosh, & Bharwani, 2014; Linden, McClean, Young, Evans, & Kee, 2008), and CRP levels were found to decrease after periodontal treatment (Marcaccini, Meschiari, & Sorgl, 2009). The highest incidence of positive CRP tests and the strongest CRP test reactions were observed in patients with acute alveolar abscesses (Boucher, Hanrahan, & Kihara, 1967).…”

“…Most previous studies focused on the relationship between CRP and periodontal diseases (Jayaprakash et al., 2014; Linden et al., 2008; Marcaccini et al., 2009). The positive association between CVD and AP remains controversial (Cotti, Dessi, Piras, & Mercuro, 2011).…”