Effect of periodontal therapy on spontaneous lymphocyte response and neutrophil chemotaxis in localized and generalized juvenile periodontitis patients*

Abstract

The etiology and pathogenesis of juvenile periodontitis may involve dysfunctions of the host response. In particular, the neutrophil and the lymphocyte have been implicated in the disease. The purpose of the present study was to examine the in vitro spontaneous lymphocyte response and neutrophil chemotaxis in populations of localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) and generalized juvenile periodontitis (GJP) patients and age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (HS). These laboratory values were also evaluated immediately following and 1 year after periodontal therapy. The results show that spontaneous lymphocyte responses reflecting the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) are depressed for GJP patients. The decreased AMLR in the GJP group appears to represent an abnormal T-cell function which may reflect activity of the periodontal lesion. LJP patients have an increased AMLR response, although it was not statistically significant. 1 year following active periodontal therapy, spontaneous lymphocyte responsiveness returned to normal in most GJP patients. The increased spontaneous lymphocyte responsiveness of LJP patients was not changed either immediately following active periodontal therapy or 1 year later. LJP and GJP patients exhibited a neutrophil chemotaxis defect when compared to cells from HS. This neutrophil defect was still observed 1 year following active therapy.

Effect of periodontal therapy on specific antibody responses to suspected periodontopathogens*

“…A major limitation in all of these Therapy effects on antibody levels 415 studies is that the data represented a static determination of reactive antibody in a dynamic disease process that may undergo periods of remission and exacerbation (Goodson et al 1982). Suzuki et al (1985) described the effect of periodontal therapy on lymphocyte response as reflected in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). They found that the AMLR was depressed in generalized JP patients but returned to normal after periodontal therapy, while the AMLR in !ocalized JP patients was increased and did not return to normal after therapy.…”

“…More recently, attempts have been made to evaluate various parameters of the host response in chronic infiammatory periodontal diseases as possible indicators of the response to various treatments (Tolo et al 1982. Claffey et al 1985, Suzuki et al 1985, Ebersole et al 1985.…”

Cell-Mediated Immune System Regulation in Periodontal Diseases

“…Following periodontal treatment, the spontaneous lymphocyte response (SLR) increases in patients with both early-onset and chronic forms of disease to a level similar to that seen in healthy controls (Tew et al, 1983;Suzuki et al, 1985;Evans et al, 1989;Kimura et a)., 1991;Okada, 1991). This change is presumably due to a decrease in antigenic load.…”

Hematological values in juvienile periodontitis patients in Ibadan, Nigeria

“…Nishimura et al (1990) reported that the association between HLA antigens and periodontal disease differs from race to race. Suzuki et al (1985) reported that depressed neutrophil functions is not restored after periodontal therapy and suggested that such neutrophil dysfunction is congenital. Van Dyke et al (1985) reported the same result from family studies.…”