EFFECT OF PARASITIZATION BY <i>APHIDIUS PLATENSIS</i> BRÈTHES ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY OF ITS HOST, <i>APHIS CRACCIVORA</i> KOCH

Johnson, Bruce

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1959.tb02100.x

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Furthermore, parasitoids that lay their eggs in adult aphids affect the wing development of offspring. Such offspring very frequently show an intermediate winged-wingless phenotype and wing development is inhibited in presumptive winged individuals (Johnson, 1958b(Johnson, , 1959Hardie, 1998, 2000).…”

Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observation that wingless adults and nymphs are morphologically similar led early workers to suggest that high titers of juvenile hormone (JH) induce the wingless state by promoting the retention of juvenile features in adults (Lamb, 1956;Johnson, 1959;Kennedy and Stroyan, 1959). Naturally occurring JHs, as well as crude JHcontaining extracts, JH precursors, and JH analogs have all been tested for their ability to inhibit the induction of These studies have yielded disparate and sometimes conflicting results , in part due to mistaking mere juvenilization by JH for authentic apterization (Lees, 1977), but also because of differences in species, dosages, means of administration, and experimental design.…”

Section: Juvenile Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Wing dimorphism in aphids

et al. 2006

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Many species of insects display dispersing and nondispersing morphs. Among these, aphids are one of the best examples of taxa that have evolved specialized morphs for dispersal versus reproduction. The dispersing morphs typically possess a full set of wings as well as a sensory and reproductive physiology that is adapted to flight and reproducing in a new location. In contrast, the nondispersing morphs are wingless and show adaptations to maximize fecundity. In this review, we provide an overview of the major features of the aphid wing dimorphism. We first provide a description of the dimorphism and an overview of its phylogenetic distribution. We then review what is known about the mechanisms underlying the dimorphism and end by discussing its evolutionary aspects.

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Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Juvenile Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Wing dimorphism in aphids

et al. 2006

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“…Johnson (1959) reported that the aphid parasite, Aphidius pZantensis Brethes had a juvenilizing effect on the host. Vinson (1970) reported that teratocytes (cells which develop from the embryonic membrane of the parasite's egg) resulted in juvenilization of the host insect after their injection.…”

Section: Host Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Coevolution between Parasitoids and their Hosts

Vinson

1975

Evolutionary Strategies of Parasitic Insects and Mites

172

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The coevolution of a predator and its prey suggests that the prey is selected for predator avoidance and escape while the predator is selected for more efficient prey-finding and capture. The predator attacks and consumes its host and, thus being successful, would be expected to propagate. The parasite-host relationship is a similar reciprocating evolutionary relationship with one important difference--the host should not be killed. The parasite must not only locate the host but must constantly adapt to a developing and changing host, a situation resulting in a closely interwoven relationship. The continued development of a host in accord with the evolutionary development of the host species is of benefit to the parasite. It is probably advantageous for the parasite to evolve towards a condition where the parasite has a minimal affect on the host species. This would insure the continued existence of a viable host population.The parasitoid-host relationship is akin to the predator-and parasite-host relationship, but with some unique aspects. The term parasitoid is used for arthropods where the egg and early larval stages are parasitic, but where the host is eventually killed. The adult is free living. In the parasitoid-host relationship, the parasitoid must not only locate the host, but must utilize the host for the progeny's benefit. Once the host has been parasitized, the parasitoid's progeny grow and develop at the expense of the host; ultimately killing the host. The host's future development is only of importance to the parasitoid. Thus the evolutionary strategy of the parasitoid is different from that of a parasite or predator. The parasitized host can no longer be considered as a member of the host species, but must be viewed as a container for the parasitoid. The evolutionary development of the parasitized host towards a

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“…All the known hosts belong to the family Aphldidac t but~ in such a widely specific parasite-parasitization on some members of the other aphid groups may be presumed (Table 1). Aphis craccil'ora Koch-AfRICA: Stary and v. Barten, 1972, AUSTRALIA: Eady, 1.969;Johnson, 1958Johnson, , 1959Johnson, , 1965 Stary and Carver in litt. Soum AMERICA: De Santis, 1967;Silveira Guido and Ruffinelli, 1958. Aphis Jabae Scopoli--SoUTH AMERlCA: Da Costa Lima, 1936; Esquivel, 1950(1).…”

Section: Host Ranofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphidius platensisBrethes, its distribution and host range (Hym. : Aphidiidae)

Starý

1972

Oriental Insects

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The research on the distribution and host range of Aphldius platensls has shown that this species is apparently indigenous to India, being further distributed in Africa, Australia, Middle East, South America, and Nearctic America (Californiaintroduced). Its host range is very wide both as to taxonomic affinities and ecology of its hosts. which all belong to the Aphididae. Its utilization as II possibly useful biological control agent is promising.Research on aphid parasites of the tropics and allied zones of South America. Africa and Australia has shown that the parasite spectrum of tbe main pest aphids (mostly cosmopolitan and I or pantropical species) is remarkably poor and consisting of widely specialized and distributed species, such as Diaereliel/a rapae. Ephedrus persicae, Aphidius platensfs. etc.Our attention has been paid to Aphidius platensis. which was known to occur in South America and Australia. apparently a species of Neotropical origin. It is the aim of this small contribution to explain its origin and distribution, host range. and specific features of possible utilization in aphid control. Aphidius platcnsis nr~thcs

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EFFECT OF PARASITIZATION BY APHIDIUS PLATENSIS BRÈTHES ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY OF ITS HOST, APHIS CRACCIVORA KOCH

Cited by 80 publications

References 10 publications

Wing dimorphism in aphids

Wing dimorphism in aphids

Biochemical Coevolution between Parasitoids and their Hosts

Aphidius platensisBrethes, its distribution and host range (Hym. : Aphidiidae)

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