Effect of nickel aluminide on the bainite transformation in a Fe-0.45C–13Ni–3Al–4Co steel, and associated properties

El-Fallah, G. M. A. M.; Ooi, S. W.; Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2019.138362

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This refers to the microstructural evolution of the material in the as-received state, which was characterised by martensitic microstructure, at those temperature martensite tempers and cementite precipitates. The hypothesis is supported by El-Fallah and Bhadeshia for analogous heat treatments of medium carbon nickel alloyed steel with starting martensitic microstructure [46]. Once cementite precipitation is completed, at around 580 • C, change in length restarted following a linear pattern, due to linear expansion related to temperature increase.…”

Section: Thermocalc Analysis and Dilatometrymentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

Franceschi

Bettanini

Pezzato

et al. 2021

Metals

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The effect of multi-step austempering treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel medium carbon high silicon carbide-free bainitic steel was studied. Five different isothermal treatment processes were selected, including single-step isothermal treatments above martensite start temperature (at 350 °C and 370 °C, respectively), and three kinds of two-step routes (370 °C + 300 °C, 370 °C + 250 °C, and 350 °C + 250 °C). In comparison with single-step austempering treatment adopting a two-step process, a microstructure with a bimodal-size distribution of bainitic ferrite and without martensite was obtained. Bainitic transformation was studied using dilatometry both for single-step and two-step routes and the specimens were completely characterised by electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and standard tensile tests. The mechanical response of the samples subjected to two-step routes was superior to those treated at a single temperature.

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Section: Thermocalc Analysis and Dilatometrymentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

Franceschi

Bettanini

Pezzato

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…[13,14] Previous studies have shown that bainite transformation at a lower temperature generally only requires a longer transformation time, especially for carbon atom homogenization. [15] Mn-Si-Cr bainitic steels have been developing for more than 20 years and have attracted significant attention because of high performance and low cost. [16,17] These steels are applied for the production of rails, train wheels, bars and spring products, and so on.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significant Impact on Microstructure–Properties Relationship of 20Mn₂Si₂Cr Bainitic Steels Produced by Multistep Austempering Process

Luo

Tan

Zhang

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels demand higher match levels between strength and toughness as well as lower cost to meet the development of rail transit, machinery, petrochemical, and other industries. [1][2][3] There are many researches for HSLA steels on pursuing superior properties (strength and toughness) at low cost and energy saving. [4,5] For traditional steels, toughness usually deteriorates with strength increased. [6] Hence, how to maintain excellent properties including high strength and toughness is of great significance. Compared with conventional HSLA steels, bainitic steels have been attracting great attention due to the complexity of bainite transformation and excellent combination of strength as well as toughness. [7,8] Bainite can be obtained by bainitic isothermal heat treatment at intermediate temperature range. The isothermal transfromation is relatively complex due to different bainitic morphologies formed, such as upper bainite, lower bainite, granular bainite, and so on. [9] Generally, retained austenite formed during this process for the bainitic steels alloyed with certain amounts of Si and/or Al, which would have important effect on steel properties. [10] There are two kinds of retained austenite, namely, blocky and filmy austenite. The blocky austenite generally exists around nonparallel sheaves such as granular bainite. [11] Compared with filmy austenite, the blocky retained austenite with lower carbon content shows relatively low thermal and mechanical stability. It is easy to transform to martensite during cooling to room temperature after isothermal bainite transformation. As a result, the austenite and marteniste (MA) islands are formed finally. At the same time, when subjected to external force, the remaining blocky austenite is still easy to transform into brittle martensite, which would be bad to mechanical properties, especially toughness. So, the blocky austenite would have some adverse effects on the toughness and ductility. However, the filmy austenite generally located between the submits of bainitic ferrite shows high thermal and mechanical stability and acts as an obstacle during crack propagating, which is beneficial to toughness. [12] Therefore, researchers have done many works by adjusting the chemical composition or processes to refine and stabilize retained austenite as much as possible. Decreasing bainite transformation temperature is one effective method to refine austenite and to stabilize it so as to increase toughness. [13,14] Previous studies have shown that bainite transformation at a lower temperature generally only requires a longer transformation time, especially for carbon atom homogenization. [15] Mn-Si-Cr bainitic steels have been developing for more than 20 years and have attracted significant attention because of high performance and low cost. [16,17] These steels are applied for the production of rails, train wheels, bars and spring products, and so on. [18][19][20] The researchers were committed to adjusting chemical composition and optimizing ...

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The Low‐Temperature Toughness Improvement of High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steel Due to the Microstructural Changes Caused by the Reheating/Rolling Temperature

Liu,

Zhao,

Tian

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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Herein, the microstructure, low‐temperature toughness, and fracture characteristics of high‐strength low‐alloy (HSLA) steel prepared by various thermomechanical control processes are systematically studied. Three different reheating/rolling temperatures are designed to obtain microstructures with different prior austenite grain sizes: 20.12 μm (S810), 27.58 μm (S910), and 35.19 μm (S1010). After hot rolling, S810 steel with smaller prior austenite grain size can provide high‐density deformed grain boundaries that promote ferrite phase transformation. The S910 and S1010 steels predominantly undergo bainite transformation as the prior austenite grain size and rolling temperature increase. Also, excellent low‐temperature toughness is obtained by reducing the reheating/rolling temperature (i.e., S810 steel), reflecting that Charpy impact energy of the core of the steel plate is 118.53 J at −120 °C. High performances is mainly attributed to the higher ferrite content, grain refinement, lower dislocation density, and higher proportion of high‐angle grain boundaries. Furthermore, fracture morphology analysis demonstrates that the S810 steel exhibits ductile fracture and noticeable plastic deformation at −120 °C, while S910 and S1010 steels exhibit brittle fracture and rapid crack propagation. These findings manifest the applicability of the suggested technique in preparing HSLA steel with excellent low‐temperature toughness.

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Effect of nickel aluminide on the bainite transformation in a Fe-0.45C–13Ni–3Al–4Co steel, and associated properties

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

The Significant Impact on Microstructure–Properties Relationship of 20Mn₂Si₂Cr Bainitic Steels Produced by Multistep Austempering Process

The Low‐Temperature Toughness Improvement of High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steel Due to the Microstructural Changes Caused by the Reheating/Rolling Temperature

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Effect of nickel aluminide on the bainite transformation in a Fe-0.45C–13Ni–3Al–4Co steel, and associated properties

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

Effect of Multi-Step Austempering Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Silicon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel with Bimodal Bainite Distribution

The Significant Impact on Microstructure–Properties Relationship of 20Mn2Si2Cr Bainitic Steels Produced by Multistep Austempering Process

The Low‐Temperature Toughness Improvement of High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steel Due to the Microstructural Changes Caused by the Reheating/Rolling Temperature

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The Significant Impact on Microstructure–Properties Relationship of 20Mn₂Si₂Cr Bainitic Steels Produced by Multistep Austempering Process