Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the physical properties and crystallisation of recycled PET/TPU composites

Abstract

Multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed as a reinforcing filler to study the synergistic effect between CNTs and rPET/TPU composites.

Experimental Investigation of the Melt Shear Viscosity, Specific Volume and Thermal Conductivity of Low-Density Polyethylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites Using Capillary Flow

“…As different studies have shown, carbon nanotubes act as nucleating agents, influencing the crystallization process of semi-crystalline polymers [ 1 , 2 , 9 , 12 , 16 , 17 , 20 , 23 , 55 , 69 ]. The crystallization process is characterized first by crystal nucleation and second by crystal growth, and is accelerated due to the presence of carbon nanotubes as a result of the heterogeneous nucleation process [ 2 , 17 , 20 , 55 , 69 ].…”

“…For example, during the packing stage of the injection molding process, the melt is held constant under high pressure [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], which may induce changes in crystallization and, consequently, in the final properties of the parts. This effect is even more important in the presence of nanotubes, which provide sites for the nucleation process [ 2 , 16 , 17 , 20 , 55 ]. As illustrated in Figure 11 , the crystallization temperature of the LDPE/MWCNT composites may be increased by about 25 °C when the composite is cooled under pressure, which may lead to better mechanical performance when subjected to various environmental stresses [ 47 , 48 , 50 , 54 ].…”

“…Owing to their electrical, thermal, mechanical and chemical properties, complemented by a high surface area [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal fillers for a multitude of applications, particularly for structural aerospace, defense and automotive components [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]; conducting components in the field of electronics; sensors and biosensors [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]; and coatings and paints [ 33 ].…”

“…Previous studies have emphasized that the specific volume depends on the temperature, pressure and nanotube loadings [ 15 , 18 , 41 ]. Moreover, for semi-crystalline polymer/CNT composites, the specific volume is also affected by the crystallinity, as CNTs act as nucleating agents for the crystallization [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 55 ]. Thus, increasing pressure changes the crystallization conditions, and the transition temperature shifts to higher values, causing different crystalline morphologies [ 15 , 18 , 41 , 42 , 51 , 54 ].…”

A tough and sustainable fiber-forming material from lignin and waste poly(ethylene terephthalate)

“…4,5 Waste PET is also used to develop new materials through blending with other polymers. [6][7][8][9] Most blends are immiscible at molecular levels due to unfavorable interfacial tension between the components and oen require the addition of a compatibilizer.…”