Effect of microtopography on osseointegration of implantable biomaterials and its modification strategies

Abstract

Orthopedic implants are widely used for the treatment of bone defects caused by injury, infection, tumor and congenital diseases. However, poor osseointegration and implant failures still occur frequently due to the lack of direct contact between the implant and the bone. In order to improve the biointegration of implants with the host bone, surface modification is of particular interest and requirement in the development of implant materials. Implant surfaces that mimic the inherent surface roughness and hydrophilicity of native bone have been shown to provide osteogenic cells with topographic cues to promote tissue regeneration and new bone formation. A growing number of studies have shown that cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation are sensitive to these implant surface microtopography. This review is to provide a summary of the latest science of surface modified bone implants, focusing on how surface microtopography modulates osteoblast differentiation in vitro and osseointegration in vivo, signaling pathways in the process and types of surface modifications. The aim is to systematically provide comprehensive reference information for better fabrication of orthopedic implants.

Microfluidic cell engineering on high-density microelectrode arrays for assessing structure-function relationships in living neuronal networks

“…We finally note that certain HD-MEAs have been developed with a more planar surface than the device used in the present research ( Bertotti et al, 2014 ; Zeck et al, 2017 ), and in such a case, interface treatment might not be necessary. The approach reported herein is nevertheless important as a method to stably interface microfluidic devices to microstructured surfaces in general, such as implant biomaterials ( Zhang et al, 2022 ).…”

Electrophoretically deposited titanium and its alloys in biomedical engineering: Recent progress and remaining challenges

“…The morphology of the implant should reflect the morphology of the human bone, especially porosity, as it can promote cell adhesion and osseointegration. [75][76][77] The quality and morphology of the obtained coating and its final parameters depend on many variables. 60 The effect of different voltage values and deposition time on the quality of the obtained coatings on CP-Ti (Table 2) was investigated by Mehana Usmaniya et al 61 Optimal deposition conditions were obtained at a voltage of 50 V and a time of 5 min because under these conditions the coatings characterized uniform morphology and had no cracks.…”

“…57 Adhesion and migration of cells, as well as the formation of an appropriate bond at the tissue-implant interface, depend on the surface morphology, primarily on its porosity. 75,76 The optimal pore size, which has an affirmative effect on the bioactivity of coatings, is 200-600 μm. 79 Optimizing the surface morphology during the EPD process is elaborated because the particles can agglomerate.…”

“…The morphology of the implant should reflect the morphology of the human bone, especially porosity, as it can promote cell adhesion and osseointegration 75–77 . The quality and morphology of the obtained coating and its final parameters depend on many variables 60 .…”

Surface Modification and Functionalities for Titanium Dental Implants

“…The success rate of Ti dental implant surgery can reach over 90%, but there are still about 10% failures . The key that determines the success of Ti implants is the effective osseointegration. − In addition, improving the antibacterial properties of the implant and suppressing peri-implant inflammation are also important factors for the success of the surgery. − Osteogenesis requires osteoblasts to adhere and grow on the surface of the implant. − And the occurrence of inflammation is mostly related to bacterial adsorption and biofilm formation on the surface of implants. − All of the above processes are closely related to the surface conditions of Ti implants. However, during the Ti implant manufacturing process, if the overall material is changed to achieve good surface conditions, the overall performance of the implant may be seriously affected.…”