Effect of Low Dose of Fumonisins on Pig Health: Immune Status, Intestinal Microbiota and Sensitivity to Salmonella

Abstract

The objective of this study was to measure the effects of chronic exposure to fumonisins via the ingestion of feed containing naturally contaminated corn in growing pigs infected or not with Salmonella spp. This exposure to a moderate dietary concentration of fumonisins (11.8 ppm) was sufficient to induce a biological effect in pigs (Sa/So ratio), but no mortality or pathology was observed over 63 days of exposure. No mortality or related clinical signs, even in cases of inoculation with Salmonella (5 × 104 CFU), were observed either. Fumonisins, at these concentrations, did not affect the ability of lymphocytes to proliferate in the presence of mitogens, but after seven days post-inoculation they led to inhibition of the ability of specific Salmonella lymphocytes to proliferate following exposure to a specific Salmonella antigen. However, the ingestion of fumonisins had no impact on Salmonella translocation or seroconversion in inoculated pigs. The inoculation of Salmonella did not affect faecal microbiota profiles, but exposure to moderate concentrations of fumonisins transiently affected the digestive microbiota balance. In cases of co-infection with fumonisins and Salmonella, the microbiota profiles were rapidly and clearly modified as early as 48 h post-Salmonella inoculation. Therefore under these experimental conditions, exposure to an average concentration of fumonisins in naturally contaminated feed had no effect on pig health but did affect the digestive microbiota balance, with Salmonella exposure amplifying this phenomenon.

Impact of two mycotoxins deoxynivalenol and fumonisin on pig intestinal health

“…This diet transiently affected the balance of the digestive microbiota during the first four weeks of exposure as measured by SSCP feacal microbiota profiles; a co-infection with S. typhimurium amplified this phenomenon and change the microbiota profile. As already observed with DON, aerobic mesophylic bacteria count was not change by FB 1 treatment [80]. …”

“…Surprisingly, this impact of mycotoxins has been poorly investigated. Two studies have investigated the impact of DON and FB 1 on the intestinal microflora [79, 80]. …”

Ganho de peso, consumo de ração e histologia de órgãos de leitões alimentados com rações contendo baixos níveis de fumonisina B1

“…Leitões alimentados com rações que continham de 1,0-10,0 FB 1 mg/kg durante 4-8 semanas, também não apresentaram efeitos tóxicos das fumonisinas (Zomborszky et al 2000, 2002, Dilkin et al 2010. Burel et al (2013) demonstraram que a exposição a uma concentração moderada de fumonisinas (11,8 ppm) não teve efeito sobre o desempenho dos animais (consumo de ração, crescimento e eficiência alimentar). Porém, os autores observaram que a FB 1 alterou a razão de esfingolipídeos de membrana, embora nenhuma mortalidade ou patologia tenha sido constatada nos leitões ao longo de 63 dias de exposição.…”

The Impact of Deoxynivalenol on Pigeon Health: Occurrence in Feed, Toxicokinetics and Interaction with Salmonellosis

“…Besides, no impact of DON was observed on the occurrence of Salmonella -related clinical symptoms and organ lesions. Similarly, no obvious impact on Salmonella Typhimurium translocation could be demonstrated in pigs fed a fumonisins contaminated feed [39]. In contrast, feeding pigs a DON or T-2 toxin contaminated diet enhanced the intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium invasion and translocation [19, 40], although the study by Verbrugghe et al .…”