Effect of Lion’s Foot (<i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>) on Liver and Renal Functions in Rats Induced by CCl<sub>4</sub>

Abstract

The present work aims to study the influence of antioxidants activity of lion's foot (Alchemilla vulgaris) leaves at different concentrations to give more protection against chronic liver disease. Results indicated that dried lion's foot leaves had rich in total polyphenolic and flavonoids content (395.65 and 183.10 mg/100g, respectively). These results were reflected to the antioxidant activity (DPPH); it's noticed that the antioxidant activity of dried lion's foot leaves was high (131.74%). The major polyphenolic components were benzoic acid (1084.63 ppm) followed by ellagic acid, catechol, and catechin (614.16, 580.54, and 566.53 ppm, respectively) then salicylic acid and protocatechuic acid (479.71 and 444.43 ppm, respectively). On the same trend, flavonoids fractions indicated the highest content in luteo-6-arabinase 8-glucose, apig. 6-rhamnase 8-glucose, acatein, narengin and luteolin (40.01; 15.04; 8.07; 6.64 and 6.42 ppm, respectively). Fifty-six male albino rats were used in biological experiments. Rats fed on basal diet for two weeks before the performance of the experiment. At the beginning, rats divided into eight main group were fed on diets for 45 days as follows: Negative control group (first group) was fed on basal diet. Forty nine rats were fed on basal diet and induced by CCl 4 , in paraffin oil (50% v/v, 2 ml/Kg) twice weeks subcutaneous injection to induce chronic damage in the liver, then divided into 7 groups numbered from group 2 to group 8. Positive control group rats fed on basal diet till final experiment (second group). Group 3 and 4 rats treated with 50 and 100 ppm ethanolic leaves extracts, respectively. Also, group 5 and 6 treated with 50 and 100 ppm aqueous leaves extracts, respectively. All extracts were fed on orally every day. While, rats in group 7 treated with 1% and 2% dried lion's foot leaves. At the end of the experimental period, serums were collected to determine liver and

Protective Effect on Lipids Profile of Lion’s Foot (Alchemilla Vulgaris ) Leaves against Ccl4 Toxicity and its Fortified to Guava and Mango Pulp

“…These results are may due to the content of phyotchemicals as antioxidant and its activity (DPPH) in lion's foot which have a significant effect on lowering all lipids parameters except increase in HDL level. These data were in agreement of [4] and [11]. It could be noticed from the presented data in Table (3) that positive control (induced with CCl 4 ) showed a significant decrease of glutathione reductase activity (10.69ng/ml) compared to rats fed on basal diet (25.72ng/ml).…”

“…Fortification with dried lion's foot leaves and its extracts of water and ethanol on acceptability are shown also in Table (4). It was found that there was no significant statistical difference in sample pulp fortified with 1% dry leaves powder (91.83 ± 3.24) compared to control sample (94.00 ± 5.64) that recorded the best sample of fortified pulp followed by the other samples where there were no statistical differences between there samples., the values were (84.74 ± 5.26, 83.83 ± 6.55, 85.42 ± 6.50, and 82.87 ± 5.83, respectively).…”

“…These data may due to polyphenols and flavonoids content in lion's foot which effect working as a scavenging free radical to prevent liver cell damage [24]. Sensory evaluation scores of fortified Guava pulp with different levels of Alchemilla Vulgaris leaves powder (1% and 2%) and its extracts of water and ethanol (50ppm and 100ppm) are shown in Table (4). It was found that, there was no significant difference (P<0.05) of general appearance and color between control sample and all fortified samples except a sample fortified with 2% dry leaves powder.…”

“…Another use of Alchemilla Species is for the adaptation to the hormonal levels of the body in case of menopause [3]. Reference [4] revealed that antioxidants content in dried lion's foot leaves (mg/100g) was total polyphenols 395.65 ± 21.43, total flavonoids 183.10 ± 8.70, antioxidant activ-ity% (DPPH) 131.74 ± 2.05, soluble tannins 150.64 ± 10.22 and Saponins 296.32 ± 14.51. Also, benzoic acid, ellagic acid, catechol, catechin, ellagic acid, salicylic acid and vanillic acid recorded the highest contents which known with their antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties [5].…”

Whole issue

“…It is a member of the Rosaceae family and is rich primarily in flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol (Al-osaj, 2016), tannins, and chemical compounds such as gallic acid and ellagic acids (Neagu et al, 2015;Kostadinović et al, 2019). Dried lion's foot leaves have rich in total polyphenolic and flavonoids content (395.65 and 183.10 mg/100g, respectively) (El-Hadidy et al, 2018). The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and the anti-carcinogenic effects of the A. vulgaris have been attributed to its flavonoid components (9.8 mg/g) (Havsteen, 2002;Pietta, 1998).…”