Effect of interfacial charge on polarization switching of lead zirconate titanate particles in lead zirconate titanate/polyurethane composites

Abstract

A simple model has been developed to include the effect of accumulated charge at the matrixinclusion interface in ferroelectric 0-3 composites on the polarization reversal characteristics. This is used to illustrate a recent set of experimental results on initially polarized lead zirconate titanate ͑PZT͒/polyurethane ͑PU͒ composites subjected to an increasing electric field in the reversed direction. Estimations based on previous models ͓e.g., T. Furukawa, K. Fujino, and E. Fukada, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 15, 2119 ͑1976͔͒ suggest that the local electric field in the PZT particles at switching was an order smaller than the coercive field of PZT. By introducing the effect of interfacial charge and assuming that initially the charge has a magnitude which balances the depolarization field in the polarized PZT inclusions, theoretical calculation based on this image shows that the phenomenon of PZT switching at low fields can be explained as a manifestation of the depletion of interfacial charge which can no longer stabilize the original polarization.

Nanohydroxyapatite embedded blends of ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate and millable polyurethane as piezoelectric materials: dielectric, viscoelastic and mechanical features

“…The developed depolarization field increases with filler loading and thus the polarization reversal field is lower for a highly filled composite. 46 Figure 3(H) shows the butterfly loop of EFM amplitude versus sample bias, which is characteristic of a ferro-piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric effect makes the internal dipole realign and subsequently create a strain within the material.…”

“…The amplitude signal is directly proportional to the strain experienced by the cantilever. As the bias voltage increases, the amplitude signal will increase due to the piezoelectric feature 47 . The asymmetric shape of the butterfly curve is explained as a consequence of the self‐poling effect arising between the nanofiller and the polymer matrix as well as between the electrode and polymer.…”

“…The piezoelectric activity of nHA loaded composites can be explained on the basis of dipole alignment within the matrix. On applying a force, deformation occurs to the dipoles generated by the interfacial polarization between the matrix and nHA 47,49 . This generates a potential with positive amplitude between the two electrodes of the device.…”

Dielectric and pyroelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate/polyurethane composites

“…According to Wong, Poon, and Shin, 15 for a dilute dispersion of spherical inclusions of permittivity i and electrical conductivity i in a matrix of permittivity m and electrical conductivity m with an electric field E applied along the thickness direction, the following equations can be obtained:…”

Influence of particle size on piezoelectricity of piezo-composites

“…However, after working for more than 20 years, people were still striving for the purpose [2][3][4][5][6][7] . It is because that many factors can infl uence the piezoelectric properties of the composites [2][3][4][5][6][7]9] . These include piezoelectric constants, permittivity, Young's module, concentration of the components in composites, as well as particle shape and size.…”