Effect of <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> Endophyte on the Nitrogen Metabolism, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Stoichiometry of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> under Nitrogen Limitation

Wang, Jianfeng; Christensen, Michael J.; Zhang, Xingxu; Tian, Pei; Zhang, Zhixin; Niu, Xueli; Gao, Peng; Chen, Tao; Ma, Lingdi

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06158

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This suggests that the endophyte is beneficial, or at least not disadvantageous, to the host grass. Our previous study also showed that E. gansuensis improved tolerance to low N by regulating enzyme activity related to N metabolism and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (Wang et al 2018a;Wang et al 2018b). The present results confirm that E. gansuensis also provides an advantage by enhancing rhizosphere bacterial diversity, which probably further influenced enzyme activity and nutrient contents of soils, and positively affects absorption of nutrients by plants in natural conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The endophyte E. gansuensis dramatically promoted growth over the total root length in A. inebrians plants, with the greatest root length of both E+ and EÀ plants at 10-30 cm soil depth (Xia 2018). Epichloë gansuensis improved A. inebrians growth under low-N stress by modulating stoichiometry and increasing N-utilisation efficiency of the plant (Wang et al 2018b). Epichloë gansuensis significantly affects bacterial diversity in A. inebrians rhizosphere soil; Li (2017) found the dominant bacteria of A. inebrians-E+ rhizosphere soil to be Bacillus, Hydrogenophaga and Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epichloë gansuensis significantly affects bacterial diversity in A. inebrians rhizosphere soil; Li (2017) found the dominant bacteria of A. inebrians-E+ rhizosphere soil to be Bacillus, Hydrogenophaga and Pseudomonas spp. Several studies have demonstrated that the presence of E. gansuensis increases the tolerance of A. inebrians to biotic and abiotic stresses, including resistance to herbivores, diseases and pests (Li et al 2007;Zhang et al 2012), cadmium stress (Zhang et al 2010b), NaCl stress (Wang et al 2019(Wang et al , 2020a(Wang et al , 2020c, cold stress (Chen et al 2016), drought stress (Xia et al 2018), and low N stress (Wang et al 2018a(Wang et al , 2018b. In addition, Epichloë symbionts in other grasses increase tolerance to abiotic stresses, including salt tolerance in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (Reza and Mirlohi 2010) and Hordeum brevisubulatum (Song et al 2015a), drought tolerance in tall fescue (White et al 1992), and waterlogging tolerance in H. brevisubulatum (Song et al 2015b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on rhizosphere bacterial communities and nutrient concentrations and ratios in the perennial grass species Achnatherum inebrians during three growth seasons

Hou¹,

Xia²,

Christensen

et al. 2020

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Achnatherum inebrians is an invasive perennial grass widespread in natural grasslands of north-west China and plays an important role in grassland ecological restoration. The presence of the seed-borne endophytic fungus Epichloë gansuensis in A. inebrians promotes grass growth, increases resistance to abiotic stress, and affects the rhizosphere microbial community of host plants. However, the relationships among E. gansuensis, rhizosphere bacteria and plant contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) during different growing seasons are not clear. We examined changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community and in nutrient contents and ratios in A. inebrians with (E+) and without (E−) E. gansuensis in May, August and December. The Shannon diversity index was higher for rhizosphere bacteria of E+ than E− plants in the three different seasons. Leaf C, N and P contents and root P and K contents were higher in E+ than E− plants in May, and leaf K and root C were higher in E+ than E− plants in August. Leaf C:N ratios were lower in E+ than E− plants in December, and leaf C:K ratios were lower in E+ than E− plants in August and December. In addition, our results indicate significant interactions among rhizosphere bacteria, C, N, P and K contents, and endophyte treatment in three different seasons. In conclusion, E. gansuensis enhanced the C, N, P and K contents of host plants, and affected nutrient ratios of A. inebrians probably by increasing rhizosphere bacterial diversity and altering rhizosphere bacterial community structure. This study provides new findings on the ecological function of the endophyte E. gansuensis, including its potential role in enhancing soil fertility. The improvements in soil fertility were utilised in extrapolating to forage grass–endophyte associations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on rhizosphere bacterial communities and nutrient concentrations and ratios in the perennial grass species Achnatherum inebrians during three growth seasons

Hou¹,

Xia²,

Christensen

et al. 2020

Crop Pasture Sci.

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“…In particular, root xylem development is sensitive to the source of nitrogen, and nitrate improves xylem development compared to ammonium 10 . Nitrogen assimilation is facilitated by glutamine synthase (GS), which converts inorganic nitrogen into amino acids, and nitrate reductase (NR) catalyzes nitrate to NO 2 − , and reduces it to ammonium 11 . Different sources of nitrogen alter sugar content by regulating the activity of enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism, such as sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ammonium and nitrate supplies on nitrogen and sucrose metabolism of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera cv.)

Yin

Wang

et al. 2020

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND: The quality of wine is highly dependent on the quality of berries. Development of berries is influenced by the type and ratio of different nitrogen supplies in the soil. To understand the impact of varying sources and levels of nitrate and ammonium on sucrose and nitrogen metabolism of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon, we tested nutrient solutions with four NO 3 −-N:NH 4 +-N ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 0:100) through the root system. RESULTS: The form and quantity of nitrogen affected berries and leaves with source-sink relationships. Soluble sugar levels were significantly higher in plants treated with mixed nitrogen sources (75:25 and 50:50) compared to single nitrogen sources (100:0 and 0:100). In particular, treating plants with mixed nitrogen source at a 75:25 ratio resulted in 22% higher fructose levels in berries compared to the 50:50 treatment. In addition, mixed nitrogen treatments resulted in significantly higher amino acid levels and protein content. Mixed nitrogen substrates also increased the expression of enzymes involved in both nitrogen and sucrose metabolism. CONCLUSION: Plants did not maximize the nitrogen supply when single form nitrogen was provided, and the mixed nitrogen substrates consistently increased the amount of available carbon and nitrogen in the berries and leaves. We found that NO 3 − N: NH 4 +-N ratio of 75:25 was the optimum formula for improving nitrogen and sucrose metabolism, and reducing the competition between nitrogen and sucrose. By examining the nutrient utilization of plants cultivated with different nitrogen forms, the present study provides insights into improving cultivation and production practices.

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“…To measure the nitrate (NO 3 − ) and ammonium (NH 4 + ) content, fresh aboveground parts were homogenized with deionized water and the mixture was centrifuged at 8300 g for 10 min at 4°C. The concentration of NO 3 − and NH 4 + in the supernatant were quantified photometrically at 410 and 630 nm, respectively, known concentrations of KNO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 were used as standards (Wang et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus pumilus improved drought tolerance in Glycyrrhiza uralensis G5 seedlings through enhancing primary and secondary metabolisms

Zhang

Xie

Lang

et al. 2020

Physiologia Plantarum

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It has been reported that drought stress adversely affects the growth and yield of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Chinese liquorice, in agricultural production. Bacillus pumilus, an important plant growth‐promoting bacterium, play a significant role in improving plant tolerance to abiotic stress. However, the role of Bacillus pumilus G5 in resisting drought stress is largely unknown. In the present study, we found that drought stress significantly inhibited the growth and reduced the biomass of G. uralensis seedlings by restraining C‐ and N‐metabolism, while this could be effectively reversed by B. pumilus G5 inoculation. Specifically, B. pumilus G5 significantly increased the content of primary metabolites such as soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free amino acids by regulating the C and N metabolic processes in G. uralensis seedlings. Moreover, B. pumilus G5 increased the content of glycyrrhizic acid, one of the important secondary metabolites, likely mediated through the increased content of primary metabolites and by recovering the expression of three key enzymes, HMGR, SQS, and β‐AS, in the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizic acid. Interestingly, the regulating effect of B. pumilus G5 inoculation on promoting the accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid and increasing the expression of synthesis‐related genes is spatially selective. In summary, our findings suggest that B. pumilus G5 could alleviate adverse effects induced by drought stress on the growth of G. uralensis seedlings by regulating C‐ and N‐metabolisms that further triggered the accumulation of secondary metabolites, and this finally improved the drought tolerance of cultivated G. uralensis seedlings.

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Effect of Epichloë gansuensis Endophyte on the Nitrogen Metabolism, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Stoichiometry of Achnatherum inebrians under Nitrogen Limitation

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on rhizosphere bacterial communities and nutrient concentrations and ratios in the perennial grass species Achnatherum inebrians during three growth seasons

Effect of Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on rhizosphere bacterial communities and nutrient concentrations and ratios in the perennial grass species Achnatherum inebrians during three growth seasons

Effect of ammonium and nitrate supplies on nitrogen and sucrose metabolism of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera cv.)

Bacillus pumilus improved drought tolerance in Glycyrrhiza uralensis G5 seedlings through enhancing primary and secondary metabolisms

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