Effect of hypoxia on the morphology of mouse striatal neurons

Wallace, Marc; Hartle, Kelly; Snow, Wanda M.; Ward, Nicole L.; Ivanco, Tammy L.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.02.067

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Processes can leave the cell body or be branches from dendrite. Knowledge of the standard pyramidal cell shape indicates two levels to measure to determine dendritic complexity (as per Irwin et al, 2002), using NeuroExplorer (as per Wallace, Hartle, Snow, Ward, & Ivanco, 2007). The complexity of basilar dendrites was analyzed up to and including 6 orders from the cell body by counting the number of branches at each order.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered morphology of motor cortex neurons in the VPA rat model of autism

Snow

Hartle

Ivanco

2008

Developmental Psychobiology

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Autism occurs in 1 in 1,000 children and incidence may be increasing. Investigating brain development and developmental injury in humans is difficult. As such, many studies rely on animal models of disorders. We chose to investigate the valproic acid-exposed rat, as this model shares many similarities with autism. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were administered either valproic acid (VPA) or saline during fetal neural tube development. Morphological analyses of cells in layer II of the golgi impregnated motor cortex were done to determine dendritic length, volume, and complexity in both groups. No differences were found in length or volume of cortical dendrites, but dendritic arborization was more complex in apical dendrites of pyramidal cells in VPA-exposed animals than controls. The implication of this finding is that pruning in the VPA-exposed rat is not occurring, which is consistent with theories related to abnormal human brain development in autism.

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Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered morphology of motor cortex neurons in the VPA rat model of autism

Snow

Hartle

Ivanco

2008

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…Early studies show that hypoxia induces swelling of mitochondria, alters synaptic transmission and inhibits protein synthesis [2][3][4]. Recent studies demonstrate a significant decrease in dendritic length in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of mice after chronic hypoxia [5], while a significant disorientation in CA1 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampus has been found after ischemia [6]. Early studies demonstrated that the vulnerability of neurons to low oxygen varies among species and brain regions, in which mammalian neurons of the hippocampus and cortex are typical targets of hypoxia [7,8], especially in the neocortical brain regions [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Protection of Curcumin against Hypoxia-induced Decreases in Beta-III Tubulin Content in Rat Prefrontal Cortical Neurons

Shen

2008

Neurochem Res

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The central nervous system (CNS) is highly dependent on adequate supply of oxygen and is sensitive to hypoxia. It is known that hypoxia induces injuries on the brain tissue and the neuronal activity. Curcumin, a yellow pigment obtained from the rhizome of C. longa Linn., has been regarded as a multi-functional drug with antioxidative activity. In the present study, we first demonstrated a significant decrease in the content of beta-III tubulin protein in rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) tissues induced by repeated hypoxia, but not in rat cerebellum tissue. These suggest a relatively higher sensitivity and probably a higher vulnerability of rat PFC tissue to hypoxia in vivo. We reconfirmed the effect of hypoxia to primary cultured neurons from rat PFC and found a significant decrease in the contents of beta-III tubulin protein after chronic exposure to hypoxia. Moreover, we demonstrated that the hypoxia-induced decrease in beta-III tubulin protein content could be restored by curcumin, suggesting a potential protection of curcumin against hypoxia-induced decreases in beta-III tubulin content in rat PFC neurons.

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“…Profound loss of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, striatial neurons and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum is documented (Wallace et al, 2007;Zaidi, 2010aZaidi, , 2010bChurilova et al, 2012) since these brain regions are highly vulnerable to oxidative attack (Cervos-Navarro and Diemer, 1991). Our study however, revealed substantial morphological changes in the other brain parts too, namely medulla oblongata, thalamus, mesencephalon and pons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphometrical analyses did not show enhanced number of microvessels, however the smallest capillaries were dilated by 5-6%, which caused an increase of the blood vessels area of 0.6% on average. In fact, angiogenesis is shown to be the long-term effect of hypoxia (Wallace et al, 2007). Vasodilation in response to hypoxia is a fundamental physiologic response that improves perfusion and oxygen supply of the affected tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methemoglobin has a much lower capacity for carrying oxygen than hemoglobin and so, this conversion leads to oxygen deprivation of tissues and organs, including brain. Many studies show that hippocampus, neocortex, striatum and cerebellum are the brain parts most vulnerable to hypoxic shock (CervosNavarro and Diemer, 1991;Zaidi, 2010aZaidi, , 2010bWallace et al, 2007;Churilova et al, 2012). Although cerebral hypoxic events are usually associated with injuries of the above brain regions, tissue damage may appear in other brain parts as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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