Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steels

Borchers, C.; Michler, Thorsten; Pundt, Astrid

doi:10.1002/adem.200700252

Cited by 85 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A prerequisite for hydrogen Fig. 9 Influence of grain size on the formation of strain-induced martensite in 1.4307 (AISI 304L) steel during tensile testing at room temperature environment embrittlement is the adsorption and dissociation of molecular hydrogen on the surface [29,30]. The latter step, dissociation, is effectively hindered by the natural passivation layer that immediately forms under ambient conditions.…”

Section: Absorption Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, storage and use of hydrogen gas in mobile applications are closely associated with hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE). This phenomenon is characterized by deterioration of the mechanical properties caused by the presence of external hydrogen gas [2,3]. Austenitic stainless steels are often used for hydrogen applications due to their high ductility at low temperatures, low thermal conductivity, and low HEE compared to ferritic steels and nickel alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

2012

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Hydrogen environment embrittlement of metastable austenitic stainless steels is a well-known phenomenon partially related to the formation of straininduced martensite. In the literature, hydrogen environment embrittlement is often discussed on the basis of nominal chemical compositions only and neglects effects of metallurgical production and processing. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the d-ferrite volume fraction and grain size on the mechanical properties of a standard grade 1.4307 (AISI 304L) tested in high-pressure hydrogen gas. A negligible influence was found for dferrite volume fractions between 2 and 10 %. This result is explained by the dominating influence of machininginduced a-martensite on the surface of the tensile samples. In contrast, the grain size was found to have a significant effect on hydrogen environment embrittlement. In particular, grain sizes smaller than 50 lm were found to have a higher ductility. The results are discussed with respect to stacking fault energy, formation of strain-induced a-martensite, trapping of hydrogen and microsegregations. The results are of particular interest for the materials selection and development of materials for hydrogen applications.

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Section: Absorption Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

2012

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“…Hydrogenation of the face-centered cubic (fcc) iron-based alloys, which constitute an array of austenitic stainless steels, can cause phase transformations: fcc (γ ) → bcc (α *) and fcc (γ ) → hcp (ε ) [12,[30][31][32][33][34][35]. The hydrogen-induced phases are sometimes considered as pseudohydrides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are induced phase transformations, an increase in the density of dislocations and vacancies, pair production. All these factors enhance the hydrogen accumulation and lead to the loss of plasticity, and later on, to the failure [11,12,[24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural transformations in austenitic stainless steel induced by deuterium implantation: irradiation at 100 K

Morozov¹,

Zhurba²,

Neklyudov³

et al. 2016

Nano Online

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Deuterium thermal desorption spectra were investigated on the samples of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi preimplanted at 100 K with deuterium ions in the dose range from 3 × 1015 to 5 × 1018 D/cm2. The kinetics of structural transformation development in the implantation steel layer was traced from deuterium thermodesorption spectra as a function of implanted deuterium concentration. At saturation of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi with deuterium by means of ion implantation, structuralphase changes take place, depending on the dose of implanted deuterium. The maximum attainable concentration of deuterium in steel is C = 1 (at.D/at.met. = 1/1). The increase in the implanted dose of deuterium is accompanied by the increase in the retained deuterium content, and as soon as the deuterium concentration attains C ≈ 0.5 the process of shear martensitic structural transformation in steel takes place. It includes the formation of bands, body-centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure, and the ferromagnetic phase. Upon reaching the deuterium concentration C > 0.5, the presence of these molecules causes shear martensitic structural transformations in the steel, which include the formation of characteristic bands, bcc crystal structure, and the ferromagnetic phase. At C ≥ 0.5, two hydride phases are formed in the steel, the decay temperatures of which are 240 and 275 K. The hydride phases are formed in the bcc structure resulting from the martensitic structural transformation in steel.

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Hydrogen–vacancy interactions in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic bcc iron: Ab initio calculations

Мирзоев

Мирзаев

Верховых

2015

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Simulation of the paramagnetic state is still a challenge for computer material science. At the same time, for iron alloys the region of the paramagnetic state is important from the viewpoint of processing. The paper presents results of ab initio modeling of interaction of hydrogen atom with a vacancy in both ferromagnetic and (for the first time) paramagnetic bcc iron. The interaction energy calculations are carried out in the framework of the local spin density approximation (LSDA) by using the supercell LAPW-WIEN-2k method. To obtain the disordered distribution of magnetic moments the program package BINAR was used. Fifteen nonequivalent magnetic configurations were obtained. Five of them having the lowest energy were chosen for further analysis. The H-O site distance is 0.23 Åin both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic bcc iron. The energy of hydrogen trapping by the vacancy is 0.60 and 0.27 for paramagnetic and ferromagnetic state, respectively. It is found that weakening of the H-V interaction in the paramagnetic state is the consequence of magnetic effects.

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Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steels

Cited by 85 publications

References 65 publications

Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

Structural transformations in austenitic stainless steel induced by deuterium implantation: irradiation at 100 K

Hydrogen–vacancy interactions in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic bcc iron: Ab initio calculations

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