Effect of fluoride, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and sodium trimetaphosphate combination treatment on the remineralization of caries lesions: An in vitro study

Gonçalves, Francyenne Maira Castro; Delbem, Alberto Carlos Botazzo; Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes; Emerenciano, Nayara Gonçalves; Pessan, Juliano Pelim; Romero, Giovana Dornelas Azevedo; Cannon, Mark; Danelon, Marcelle

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105001

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We speculate that fluoride may exert its effect by driving supersaturation of the solution around the tooth and substantially accelerating the sedimentation rates of fluorapatite above the dissolution rates of hydroxyapatite. Additionally, remineralization occurs due to the deposition of newly formed minerals in the demineralized area, which leads to enamel initial caries lesions reversing to a certain extent [ 59 ].Caries lesions on the adjacent surface of anterior teeth frequently involve the incisal edge, which results in the inhibitory effect of fluoride not being pronounced enough on anterior teeth caries. These findings prompt us to apply other caries prevention measures in addition to topical fluoridation, such as strengthening anterior teeth adjacent to facial cleaning and implementing posterior teeth pit and fissure sealing as early as possible, hence preventing further expansion of dental caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries

Zhang

Guan

Guo

et al. 2022

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background The caries-preventive effect of topical fluoride application has been corroborated by a number of clinical studies. However, the effect of fluoride on oral microecology remains unclear. Objective To monitor the effect of fluoride on dental plaque microecology and demineralization/remineralization balance of enamel initial caries. Methods Three-year-old children were enrolled and treated with fluoride at baseline and 6 months. International Caries Detection and Assessment System II indices of 52 subjects were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Supragingival plaque samples of 12 subjects were collected at baseline, 3 and 14 days for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results Changes in microbial community structure were observed at 3 days after fluoridation. Significant changes in the relative abundance of microorganisms were observed after fluoride application, especially Capnocytophaga , unidentified Prevotellaceae and Rothia . Functional prediction revealed that cell movement, carbohydrate and energy metabolism were affected significantly after fluoride application. Fluoride significantly inhibited enamel demineralization and promoted remineralization of early demineralized caries enamel at 3 months. Conclusion Fluoride application significantly inhibited the progression of enamel initial caries and reversed the demineralization process, possibly by disturbing dental plaque microecology and modulating the physicochemical action of demineralization/remineralization. This deepened our understanding of caries-preventive effects and mechanisms of fluoride.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries

Zhang

Guan

Guo

et al. 2022

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…22,33,35 Incorporating casein peptides into enamel plaques increases the enamel's calcium and phosphate content, thereby depressing its demineralization and improving remineralization. 22,32,33 Since the effectiveness of casein has been demonstrated by several studies, 34,36,37 it was suggested to combine the remineralizing property of casein with the multi-beneficial properties of chitosan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an experimental chitosan/casein gel on demineralized enamel under a cariogenic challenge

et al. 2022

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Background. Dental caries is considered one of the most common oral health diseases.Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an experimental chitosan/casein gel on enamel demineralization/remineralization in an environment with a high cariogenic challenge. Material and methods.Thirty-six specimens of bovine enamel (4 mm × 3 mm × 2 mm) were ground flat and polished. Then, the specimens were immersed in acetate buffer for 43 h with half of the surface protected (serving as control) and the other half exposed. All demineralized surfaces were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 12 per group) according to the type of treatment (G1 -control, G2 -1.5% chitosan gel with 1.5% casein, and G3 -1.5% chitosan gel without casein), and the corresponding treatment was applied once a week for 3 weeks. The specimens were also subjected to pH cycles of demineralization/ remineralization and the treatments were performed 3 times at 7-day intervals for a total of 21 days. Surface images were obtained for the analysis of initial roughness and, after the cariogenic challenge, new images were obtained to evaluate the final roughness, volume loss and wear profile using laser confocal microscopy. After the analyses, the specimens were cut and the depth of demineralization was measured. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test.Results. While the chitosan gel with casein showed a similar loss to the control group (p > 0.05), both gels resulted in similar volume loss (p > 0.05). There were no statistical differences regarding the wear profile, surface roughness and depth of demineralization between the groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions. The chitosan gel reduced volume loss of the demineralized enamel without significantly impacting the surface smoothness.

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“…However, F-alone does not provide a complete solution in the remineralization process, as the formation of fluoride deposits depends on the available calcium and phosphate ions found in saliva. Therefore, to increase the potential for fluoride prevention, these necessary ions have been added to formulations to increase their retention in an oral environment [14].…”

Section: Fluoride Enhances Remineralization By Accelerating the Devel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the help of the optical microscope associated with the equipment, it is possible to identify the isolated particles of the order of the micron. There are reports of the application of this technique to identify the crystallinity of human dental enamel [14].…”

Section: μ-Ramanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Dental Enamel Surface Characterization

Ortega¹,

Olmos²,

Berrú³

et al. 2023

Infrared Spectroscopy - Perspectives and Applications

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Dental enamel is the most complex and highly mineralized human body tissue, containing more than 95% of carbonated hydroxyapatite and less than 1% of organic matter. Current diagnostic methods for enamel caries detection are unable to detect incipient caries lesions. Many papers determine the re-mineralizing effect using many fluorinated compounds and different demineralizing solutions to test physical characterizations such as microhardness, roughness, wettability, among others, but there is not much information about the use of Raman Spectroscopy. Raman Spectroscopy is an efficient technique of chemical characterization to identify functional groups (phosphate-hydroxyl groups) found in the hydroxyapatite formula, which helps identify the level of mineralization on dental enamel surface. Raman spectroscopy is applicable to any state of aggregation of the material, indicated for biological samples. Given the minimum bandwidth of a laser source, as with all spectroscopic techniques that use a laser source, a small sample is sufficient, which makes it an important technique in the analysis of reactive products with very low yield. Raman spectroscopy can be used to obtain the main functional groups in order to determine the remineralization of dental enamel; these results are highly valuable as they can help us make the best decisions on dental treatments.

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Effect of fluoride, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and sodium trimetaphosphate combination treatment on the remineralization of caries lesions: An in vitro study

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries

Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries

Effect of an experimental chitosan/casein gel on demineralized enamel under a cariogenic challenge

Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Dental Enamel Surface Characterization

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