Effect of filter, emitter and location on clogging when using effluents

RESUMONeste trabalho buscou-se analisar o efeito de diferentes manejos de água residuária de suinocultura e de água de abastecimento na obstrução de emissores e na uniformidade de aplicação de sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) e montado em esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas tendo, nas parcelas, os manejos (1E3A -uma hora de aplicação de efluente mais três horas de aplicação de água limpa, 2E2A -duas horas de aplicação de efluente mais duas horas de aplicação de água limpa, 3E1A -três horas de aplicação de efluente mais uma hora de aplicação de água limpa e 4E -quatro horas de aplicação de efluente), nas subparcelas os tipos de gotejador (G1, G2 e G3) e, nas subsubparcelas, os tempos das avaliações (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 e 160 h) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que na água residuária de suinocultura as características sólidos suspensos, ferro total e população bacteriana, representaram risco severo de entupimento de gotejadores e que houve redução elevada da uniformidade de aplicação de efluente quando o tempo de aplicação de água residuária foi igual ou superior ao da água de abastecimento. Palavras-chave: água residuária, desempenho, gotejadoresClogging and uniformity of application in drip irrigation systems operating with swine wastewater ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different managments of swine wastewater and clean water on clogging of emitters and application uniformity of drip irrigation systems. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) and mounted in a split split-plots, having in the plots the managments (1E3A -one hour of application of effluent and three hours of application of clean water, 2E2A -two hours of application of effluent and two hours of application of clean water, 3E1A -three hours of application of effluent and one hour of application of clean water and 4E -four hours of application of effluent), in the subplots the types of drippers (G1, G2 and G3) and in the subsubplots the evaluation times (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 h) in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results indicated that in the swine wastewater the characteristics suspended solids, total iron and bacterial population represented severe risk of clogging of drippers; and that there was a high reduction of the uniformity of application of effluent when the time of application of wastewater is equal to or greater than the water supply.

Section: Introductionunclassified

Obstrução e uniformidade de aplicação em sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento aplicando-se efluente da suinocultura

Batista

Oliveira²,

Santos

et al. 2013

“…Drip irrigation systems are the most indicated for the disposal of wastewaters, because of the high application uniformity and low risk of contamination of the agricultural product for the operators of the system (Dazhuang et al, 2009;Duran-Ros et al, 2009). Drip irrigation has advantages in TSE application, because the water applied by the system does not come into direct contact with the crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of drippers in two filtering systems using sewage treatment effluent

Dalri

Santos

Dantas

et al. 2017

A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of three models of drippers using treated sewage effluent, pure and diluted, and two types of filters, screen and disc. The treated sewage effluent used in the experiment was collected from the city's treatment plant. The experiment included 12 lateral lines with three types of emitters to apply pure (100%) and diluted (50%) effluent filtered by screen and disc filters. The combination of those factors set the treatments: T1 (50% effluent diluted in fresh water filtered by a screen filter); T2 (50% effluent diluted in fresh water filtered by a disc filter); T3 (pure effluent filtered by a screen filter); T4 (pure effluent filtered by a disc filter). The results showed that the flat type emitter is less sensitive to clogging, the disc filter is the most suitable to prevent clogging and the use of pure or diluted sewage effluent increases the drippers' flow rate coefficient of variation.

“…All of these authors evaluated the screen filter subjected to wastewater and observed that its clogging occurred rapidly, and Tajrishy et al (1994) reported the necessity of daily cleanings considering a head loss limit of 55 kPa. Puig-Bargués et al (2005) and Duran-Ros et al (2009a) observed that, when screen or disc filters are clogged, particles may detach due to the increase in pressure, reducing the efficiency or even increasing the concentration of solids in suspension. However, the results found by these authors were obtained with filters working in the traditional way, i.e., without flow reversal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have confirmed that screen or disc filters are efficient at retaining small-diameter solid particles; however, when subjected to water of low quality, with large amount of impurities, such as algae and organic matter, they are very susceptible to clogging and require frequent cleanings (Adin & Elimelech, 1989;Tajrishy et al, 1994;Puig-Bargués et al, 2005;Duran-Ros et al 2009a). All of these authors evaluated the screen filter subjected to wastewater and observed that its clogging occurred rapidly, and Tajrishy et al (1994) reported the necessity of daily cleanings considering a head loss limit of 55 kPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a filtration system with high-frequency flow reversal

Pinto

Alves

Saretta

et al. 2016

A B S T R A C TThe aim of this study was to develop a filtration system with high-frequency flow reversal and minimum requirement of water for cleaning routines. The system was developed in the period from 2011 to 2013 and consists of three screen filters and eleven solenoid valves electronically controlled by a controller that operates based on head loss measurements. The following evaluations were carried out: head loss curve as a function of flow rate; filtrating efficiency as a function of solids concentration, frequency of flow reversal and increment in head loss. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme with three replicates and two treatment levels for each factor. The filtration efficiency was equal to 98.6% for particles larger than 50 µm. The minimum volume of water for each cleaning of the filters was 5.39 L. The head loss increment in the filtration system with flow reversal at frequencies of 11.11 and 22.22 mHz was smaller compared with the filtration system without flow reversal. The developed filtration system has potential for filtering low-quality irrigation water, but requires periodic maintenance to clean the filter element.