Effect of filler concentration on the physico-mechanical properties of super abrasion furnace black and silica loaded styrene butadiene rubber

Hassan, H. H.; Ateia, Ebtesam E.; Darwish, N. A.; Halim, S. F.; El-Aziz, A.K. Abd

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2011.05.005

Cited by 65 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, CB is a non-polar filler and is more compatible with hydrocarbon rubber chains, therefore resulting in good contact to the rubber rather than the contact between filler and filler (Wypych 2000). Greater rubber-filler interaction is important to maximize the filler dispersion and provide reinforcement (Hassan et al 2012). As a result, NR/RP/CB composite shows the highest tensile strength at 0/30 phr filler loading ratio, as well as an improvement in the tensile strength of rattan powder-filled NR composites are noted with increment in CB loading ratio.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

Muniandy¹,

Ismail²,

Othman³

2012

BioResources

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The effects of partial replacement of rattan powder (RP) by carbon black (CB), mica, and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) on the curing characteristics, tensile properties, rubber-filler interaction, and morphological studies of natural rubber (NR) composites were investigated. Rattan powder with an average particle size of less than 180 µm was used in this study. NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites with five different RP/commercial fillers loadings (i.e. 30/0, 20/10, 15/15, 10/20, 0/30 phr) were prepared using a laboratory size two-roll mill. Results showed that the maximum torque (M H ) of the NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased with increasing the commercial filler-loading ratio. The scorch time (t s2 ) and cure time (t 90 ) of NR/RP/CB composites decreased as the ratio of CB loading was increased, whereas, t s2 and t 90 of NR/RP/mica and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased as mica and CaCO 3 loading ratio were raised, respectively. The tensile strength, elongation at break (E b ), stress at 100% elongation (M100), and stress at 300% elongation (M300) of all the composites increased as the commercial filler-loading ratio increased. This is due to the presence of the commercial filler, which brought a better rubber-filler interaction, as confirmed by the rubber-filler interaction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies.

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Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

Muniandy¹,

Ismail²,

Othman³

2012

BioResources

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“…6 The tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus and modulus at 100 % and 200 % were determined using a Zwick tensile machine (model 1425). 7 Hardness was measured using the Shore A, durometer according to D2240-07; Equilibrium swelling of the investigated samples was carried out in toluene.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Blends for Industrial Applications

Ateia¹,

El‐Nashar²,

Takla³

et al. 2017

ECB

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Different contents of high abrasion furnace black filler [HAF] and white filler [silica are mixed with ethylene-propylenediene monomer rubber [EPDM] cured by the conventional sulfur system. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) characteristics, physico-mechanical properties and swelling measurements of the prepared samples have been investigated. EDAX analyses were done to define the chemical composition of the investigated samples and to locate the dispersion of the fillers and theirs intensity. Comparison of the black and white fillers was performed and it was found that filler incorporation into the rubber matrix was one of the major parameters that enhanced the tensile strength and swelling resistance. The hardness of the investigated samples increased with increasing the filler concentration up to 40/60 phr (part per hundred parts of rubber). This increase can be attributed to greater and more uniform dispersion of filler into the rubber system. Carbon/silica are extensively used in the industry as cheapening filler with high reinforcing effect. Finally, the addition of precipitated silica at the expanse of toxic carbon black (CB) is the main step in decreasing the health risk associated with the presence of CB-filled EPDM composites.

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“…Specimens of dimensions 30 mm × 20 mm × 0.55 mm were immersed in 100 ml of toluene (density 0.865 g ml -1 and boiling point 110 °C) for 24 h at room temperature to allow equilibrium penetration of the solvent into the rubber matrix. The molecular weight of the polymer between crosslinks was determined from the Flory-Rehner equation [13] as shown in Eq.…”

Section: Testing and Analysis Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 shows that both tensile strength and M300% increase in parallel with increasing crosslink density. In particular, the modulus increases monotonically with the density of crosslinks formed in the rubber [6,13]. A few researchers supported the increased trends of tensile strengths of the rubber [18,19] and kenaf-reinforced polyethylene [20] proportionately to the stress modulus.…”

Section: Crosslink Density and Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of accelerators on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber compounds

Ahsan¹,

Mohamad²,

Soh³

2015

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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The effects of different accelerators on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of sulphur-cured natural rubber (NR)-based compounds are investigated. Three accelerator systems, with mercaptobenzothiazole disulphide (MBTS) as primary accelerator and diphenylguanidine (DPG) and Zn-2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ZMBT) as secondary accelerators, were incorporated into a premixed NR compound referred to an industrially used rubber mat formulation by using the melt mixing method. The cure characteristics, rubber crosslink density and mechanical properties were the focus in the present study. It is observed that the synergistic effect of the MBTS/DPG combination imparts the shortest scorch time, highest cure rate and highest crosslink density compared with the MBTS/ZMBT and MBTS/ZMBT/DPG combinations. Mechanical tests indicate that the tensile strength and modulus of MBTS/DPG are enhanced owing to improved cure activation in initiating sulphuric crosslinking, but the tear strength is decreased compared with the others. This study demonstrates that the MBTS/ZMBT/DPG system is the most effective in enhancing tear strength by 4.5 % compared with MBTS/DPG system, as well as other mechanical properties. Analyses on tear behaviours and scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of the fractured surfaces of tear test samples correspond well with the results of tear strength.

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Effect of filler concentration on the physico-mechanical properties of super abrasion furnace black and silica loaded styrene butadiene rubber

Cited by 65 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

Developing Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Blends for Industrial Applications

Effects of accelerators on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber compounds

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