Effect of feeding level and dietary electrolytes on the arginine requirement of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Chiu, Yvonne N.; Austic, R. E.; Rumsey, G.L.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(88)90188-3

Cited by 62 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Results on plasma arginine concentration in the present study corraborated relatively well with the data on growth parameters. Data on plasma arginine concentrations (Table 3 ) and on arginine oxidation (Table 4) confirmed that the arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon is 4.1 g/ 16 g N. Expressed per unit DE, the arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon is 0.88 g Arg/kJ DE, which is very similar to values reported earlier for the rainbow trout (0.84 g Arg/kJ DE) by Cho et al ( 1992), but lower than the values of 0.97 mg Arg/kJ ME proposed by Chiu et al (1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…This is especially true in the case of the quantitative requirement for arginine of rainbow trout which has been extensively studied (Kaushik, 1979;Ketola, 1983;Walton et al, 1986;Chiu et al, 1988;Kaushik et al, 1988;Cho et al, 1992;Kim et al, 1992). From these studies, except that of Ketola (1983), it appears that the arginine requirement of rainbow trout is close to or below 4% of dietary protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The values obtained in salmonids, particularly for rainbow trout, using conventional growth response criterion show wide variations (Wilson, 1989). Results from several studies (Kaushik, 1979;Walton et al, 1986;Chiu et al, 1988;Kaushik et al, 1988;Cho et al, 1992;Kim et al, 1992) show requirement values ranging from 3.0 to 4.5% of dietary protein based on growth, nitrogen retention and several biochemical criteria. Ketola ( 1983) reported a requirement level of 5.4-5.9% of dietary protein for maximal growth rate of rainbow trout, similar to values found by Klein and Halver ( 1970) for chinook salmon, whereas Ogino ( 1980) estimated a requirement of 3.5% of protein based on arginine retention in the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

et al. 1994

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A study utilizing casein-corn gluten meal based diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids was conducted to determine the quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon smolts. Fish were gradually acclimated to sea water (32 ppt ) and maintained for 8 weeks prior to commencement of the study. Triplicate groups of Atlantic salmon were fed to satiation diets (CP: 40% DM) containing 1.1-3.2 g Arg/lOO g diet (2.7-8% of protein)for a period of 8 weeks. Growth, feed utilization and nitrogen retention data showed the requirement for arginine of Atlantic salmon to be 1.6% of dry matter (4.1% of dietary protein). An arginine requirement of 1.6% of dry matter (4.1% of dietary protein) was also obtained from broken-line regression of expired 14C02 (following an intraperitoneal injection of L-[ U-'4C]arginine versus dietary concentration. Except for the loss of appetite resulting in a low feed intake and depressed growth, no nutritional deficiency signs were observed in fish fed an arginine deficient diet for 98 days. The significance of several biochemical indices measured including liver arginase activity and plasma arginine, insulin and growth hormone levels of fish fed graded levels of arginine supplement is also discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

et al. 1994

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“…When only dietary Na/K ratio was increased (from 0.2 to 2.5 mol mol -1 ) at optimal dietary CAD level (554-657 mEq kg -1 ), growth increased quadratically, feed conversion rate decreased quadratically and feed intake was not significantly influenced 7 . In previous studies, it was reported that effects of CAD were no clear on growth in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss [8][9][10][11] . Recently, Arabacıet al 12 reported that growth increased linearly, feed conversion rate decreased linearly with increasing dietary CAD level and Na/K ratio, and daily feed intake was not significantly influenced in rainbow trout.…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers reported that effects of CAD were no clear on growth in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss [8][9][10][11] . We have only limited data on the effects of dietary CAD level and dietary Na/K ratio on growth and feed efficiency in rainbow trout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CaCl2 ve Kaya Tuzu Ilave Edilmiş Rasyonların Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Büyüme ve Yemden Yararlanma ve Kimi Serum Mineral Düzeylerine Etkisi

Demirtaş¹,

Arabaci²,

Nursoy³

et al. 2009

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryIn this study, the effects of CaCl2 (2%) supplemented diet, rock salt (RS, 2%) supplemented diet and control diet (no supplement) on the weight gain, specific growth rate, daily feed intake, feed conversion rate, protein efficiency rate and serum mineral concentration (Na, K, Cl) were investigated in rainbow trout. RS was used for increasing the CAD and Na/K ratio of the control diet and CaCl2 was used for decreasing the CAD level of the control diet. A total of 300 fish, 2 replications for each treatment consisting of 50 fish with a mean initial body weight of 88.2 g were used in the experiment. The experiment lasted fifteen weeks. The diet supplemented with 2% RS improved significantly the weight gain, feed conversion rate and protein efficiency rate in rainbow trout compared to 2% CaCl2 supplemented group and control (P<0.05). Dietary RS supplementation also improved the specific growth rate and daily feed intake. However, this improvement was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Dietary 2% CaCl2 supplementation did not significantly affect the weight gain, specific growth rate, daily feed intake, feed conversion rate and protein efficiency rate in rainbow trout compared to control diet (P>0.05). Na, K and Cl level of the serum and mortality rate were not statistically different among the groups (P>0.05). The dietary 2% RS supplementation produced a better growth and feed efficiency for rainbow trout compared to dietary 2% CaCl2 supplementation and control diet. Added RS to diet was appropriate for making cationic the diet and increasing the CAD level and Na/K ratio of diet.Keywords: Rainbow trout, CaCl2, Rock salt, Cation-anion difference (CAD), Growth, Feed efficiency, Serum mineral level CaCl2 ve Kaya Tuzu Ilave Edilmiş Rasyonların Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Büyüme ve Yemden Yararlanma ve Kimi Serum Mineral Düzeylerine Etkisi ÖzetBu çalışmada, CaCl2 (%2) ve kaya tuzu (%2) ilave edilmiş diyetlerin kontrol diyetine (ilave katkı yok) kıyasla Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) canlı ağırlık kazancı, spesifik büyüme oranı, günlük yem alımı, yem dönüşüm oranı, protein etkinlik oranı ve serum mineral konsantrasyonu (Na, K, Cl) üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Kaya tuzu ilavesi kontrol diyetinin Katyon-anyon farkını ve Na/K oranını arttırmak için, CaCl2 ilavesi ise kontrol diyetinin katyon-anyon farkını düşürmek için kullanıldı. Her birinde 50 balığın kullanıldığı 2 tekerrürlü denemelerde başlangıç ortalama ağırlıkları 88.2 g olan, 300 gökkuşağı alabalığı kullanıldı. Deneme on beş hafta sürdürüldü. %2 Kaya tuzu ilave edilmiş diyet, %2 CaCl2 ilave edilen diyete ve kontrol diyetine göre gökkuşağı alabalığında canlı ağırlık kazancını, yem dönüşüm oranını ve protein etkinlik oranını önemli şekilde iyileştirmiştir (P<0,05). Yeme kaya tuzu ilavesi spesifik büyüme oranını ve günlük yem alımını da ilerletmiştir. Ancak bu ilerleme istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur (P>0,05). %2 CaCl2 ilave edilen diyet ile kontrol diyeti arasında canlı ağırlık kazancı, spesifik büyüme oranı, günl...

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A meta‐analysis of amino acid δ¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fishes relative to nutritional and ecological drivers

Nuche-Pascual¹,

Ruiz-Cooley

Herzka³

2021

Ecosphere

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The use of amino acid (AA) nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 15 N) from consumer tissues aims to provide precise estimates of trophic position (TP), but the drivers of AA isotope fractionation remain unclear. In particular, the main factors driving the variability in TEF AA among taxonomic groups and trophic levels remain largely unexplained, which challenges the application of universal values for TEFs. While the relationship between protein content and quality and TEFs has been examined, studies have yielded inconsistent results, and the role of protein and lipid nutritional requirements as well as feeding regime have not been considered. Likewise, drivers that influence physiological and nutritional processes have not been examined relative to TEF AA variation. We conducted a meta-analysis of controlled feeding experiments within a single group, teleosts fishes, to evaluate the relationship between five nutritional factors (protein and lipid content, protein and lipid content relative to nutritional requirements, and feeding regime) and three ecological drivers (diet type, life stage, and habitat type) on TEF AA . We considered a broad range of protein levels (8-71%) in diets and found no relationship between source TEF AAs and percent protein relative to nutritional requirements, whereas lipid content relative to nutrient requirements, feeding regime and habitat type partially explain the variability in TEFs of Lys, but not for Phe and Met TEFs. The variability for the latter was representative of robust source AAs. Among trophic AAs, Asp, Ile, Pro, and Leu TEFs were significantly higher in species from brackish than marine habitats possibly due to osmoregulation involvement. TEF Glu was sensitive to protein content and feeding regime within teleosts, but relatively constant when comparing TEFs among teleosts, non-teleosts, and all taxa. Our results indicate that TEF AA is less variable within a single taxon than among multiple taxa and that such variation is not negligible. Our results indicate that δ 15 N AA values could provide better TP estimates if using taxon-specific values, and highlights the need to explain the mechanisms of AA fractionation and quantify the variability in TEFs used during error propagation for TP estimates.

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Effect of feeding level and dietary electrolytes on the arginine requirement of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

CaCl2 ve Kaya Tuzu Ilave Edilmiş Rasyonların Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Büyüme ve Yemden Yararlanma ve Kimi Serum Mineral Düzeylerine Etkisi

A meta‐analysis of amino acid δ¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fishes relative to nutritional and ecological drivers

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Effect of feeding level and dietary electrolytes on the arginine requirement of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

Quantitative arginine requirement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in sea water

CaCl2 ve Kaya Tuzu Ilave Edilmiş Rasyonların Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Büyüme ve Yemden Yararlanma ve Kimi Serum Mineral Düzeylerine Etkisi

A meta‐analysis of amino acid δ15N trophic enrichment factors in fishes relative to nutritional and ecological drivers

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A meta‐analysis of amino acid δ¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fishes relative to nutritional and ecological drivers