Effect of Ethylene on Cell Wall and Lipid Metabolism during Alleviation of Postharvest Chilling Injury in Peach

Zhu, Yanjian; Wang, Ke; Wu, Chunxia; Zhao, Yun; X, Yin; Zhang, Bo; Grierson, Don; Chen, Kunsong; Xu, Changjie

doi:10.3390/cells8121612

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…3,8 In climacteric fruit, ethylene production enhances the expression of some regulatory and structural genes that do not act to regulate ripening in isolation but rather act in concert with other plant hormones. 11,36 In this study, most auxin-related genes were downregulated at the protein level in ripening kiwifruits, including IAR3, ILL3, ARG1, SNX2b, ATB2, and AIR9, whereas AIR12 was strongly upregulated (Figure 4A,C). Hence, speculations regarding potential connections need to be further validated.…”

Section: ■ Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Regulatory Pathways of Ripening and Quality in Post-Harvest Kiwifruits

Tian

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Understanding the metabolic modulation of major quality traits during ripening is critical for fruit quality improvement in kiwifruits. Here, integrated proteomic and metabolomic profiling was undertaken to comprehensively examine the dynamics of kiwifruit ripening. This data set presents a global view of the critical pathways involved in fruit ripening, and the contributions of key events to the regulation of kiwifruit ripening and softening, amino acid metabolism, balance in sugar accumulation and organic acid metabolism, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathways were discussed. We suggested key enzymes for starch synthesis and degradation, including AGPase, SS, and SBE, especially for BMY, which was considered a key enzyme for starch degradation. In addition, our analysis implicated the key enzymes ACO4 and ACS9 in ethylene synthesis and the aspartate aminotransferase ASP3 in the conversion of amino acids. These results provide new insights into the modulation of fruit ripening, metabolism, and quality in post-harvest kiwifruits.

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Section: ■ Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Regulatory Pathways of Ripening and Quality in Post-Harvest Kiwifruits

Tian

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Ethylene is a phytohormone induced by various factors such as microbial pathogens, insect attacks, and stimuli. This phytohormone regulates a wide range of physiological processes, including fruit ripening and metabolite pathway activation [ 12 , 13 ]. Recent literature has proven that soybean proteins provide health benefits, such as blood cholesterol reduction, protection against coronary heart disease, and anti-obesity properties [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Significant Change in Free Amino Acids of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) through Ethylene Application

et al. 2021

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In this study, the changes in free amino acids of soybean leaves after ethylene application were characterized based on quantitative and metabolomic analyses. All essential and nonessential amino acids in soybean leaves were enhanced by fivefold (250 to 1284 mg/100 g) and sixfold (544 to 3478 mg/100 g), respectively, via ethylene application. In particular, it was found that asparagine is the main component, comprising approximately 41% of the total amino acids with a twenty-five fold increase (78 to 1971 mg/100 g). Moreover, arginine and branched chain amino acids (Val, Leu, and Ile) increased by about 14 and 2–5 times, respectively. The increase in free amino acid in stem was also similar to the leaves. The metabolites in treated and untreated soybean leaves were systematically identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and partial variance discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) scores and heat map analysis were given to understand the changes of each metabolite. The application of ethylene may provide good nutrient potential for soybean leaves.

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“…It has been reported that in melting peach fruit, ethylene biosynthesis [ 2 , 11 , 12 ], lipid metabolism [ 13 ], and cell wall metabolism [ 10 ] are related to CI. Previous studies have shown that exogenous ethylene affects fruit softening and membrane fluidity by regulating the expression of cell wall- and lipid metabolism-related genes, thus reducing the Cl symptoms in peach fruit [ 14 ]; however, the molecular mechanism of ethylene biosynthesis under cold stress and the direct relationship between endogenous ethylene level and fruit softening and lipid metabolism have not yet been explored. Although stony hard (SH) peach fruit usually changes color and contains a high content of soluble solids at ripening, they do not release ethylene, and the mature pulp is very hard and brittle, both on and off the tree [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Ethylene Production in Stony Hard Peach Fruit during Cold Storage

Wang

Deng

Meng

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Stony hard (SH) peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruit does not release ethylene and has very firm and crisp flesh at ripening, both on- and off-tree. Long-term cold storage can induce ethylene production and a serious risk of chilling injury in SH peach fruit; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying ethylene production in stony hard peach is relatively unclear. In this study, we analyzed the phytohormone levels, fruit firmness, transcriptome, and lipidome changes in SH peach ‘Zhongtao 9’ (CP9) during cold storage (4 °C). The expression level of the ethylene biosynthesis gene PpACS1 and the content of ethylene in SH peach fruit were found to be upregulated during cold storage. A peak in ABA release was observed before the release of ethylene and the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis and degradation, such as zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) and 8’-hydroxylase (CYP707A) genes, were specifically induced in response to low temperatures. Fruit firmness decreased fairly slowly during the first 20 d of refrigeration, followed by a sharp decline. Furthermore, the expression level of genes encoding cell wall metabolic enzymes, such as polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, expansin, galactosidase, and β-galactosidase, were upregulated only upon refrigeration, as correlated with the decrease in fruit firmness. Lipids belonging to 23 sub-classes underwent differential rearrangement during cold storage, especially ceramide (Cer), monoglycosylceramide (CerG1), phosphatidic acid (PA), and diacyglyceride (DG), which may eventually lead to ethylene production. Exogenous PC treatment provoked a higher rate of ethylene production. We suspected that the abnormal metabolism of ABA and cell membrane lipids promotes the production of ethylene under low temperature conditions, causing the fruit to soften. In addition, ERF transcription factors also play an important role in regulating lipid, hormone, and cell wall metabolism during long-term cold storage. Overall, the results of this study give us a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of ethylene biosynthesis during the postharvest storage of SH peach fruit under low-temperature conditions.

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Effect of Ethylene on Cell Wall and Lipid Metabolism during Alleviation of Postharvest Chilling Injury in Peach

Cited by 65 publications

References 79 publications

Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Regulatory Pathways of Ripening and Quality in Post-Harvest Kiwifruits

Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Regulatory Pathways of Ripening and Quality in Post-Harvest Kiwifruits

A Significant Change in Free Amino Acids of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) through Ethylene Application

Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Ethylene Production in Stony Hard Peach Fruit during Cold Storage

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