Effect of epitaxial growth on electrical properties of Ga-doped ZnO thin films

A chemist's guide to photoelectrode development for water splitting – the importance of molecular precursor design

“…224,225 Larger, well-connected grains promote greater electronic conductivity by reducing grain boundary areas, and the number of grain interfaces charge carriers must travel across. 226,227 As shown by Eslava et al, this does come with the side-effect of significantly higher precursor usage rates for lower viscosity solvents (0.3 and 0.7 ml min À1 for toluene and THF respectively), which could be useful if the increased usage correlates to increased film growth rate/thickness, however, in this instance the films had similar thicknesses after the same duration, and thus the increased usage corresponds to wasted precursor and solvent.…”