Effect of diet and vitamin C on DNA strand breakage in freshly-isolated human white blood cells

Green, Michael H.L.; Lowe, Jillian E.; Waugh, Alastair P.W.; Aldridge, Kay E.; Cole, Jane; Arlett, C.F.

doi:10.1016/0921-8734(94)90011-6

Cited by 122 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This triphenolic stilbene has been suggested as a potential chemopreventive agent based on its striking inhibitory effects on diverse cellular events associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression [39]. Resveratrol is an effective scavenger of superoxide and peroxynitrite radicals generated from enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems [120], and it exerts protective effects against DNA damage caused by hydrogen peroxide [3,27,41] and peroxynitrite [41]. Resveratrol also exerts a strong effect on superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide produced by macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol ester.…”

Section: Resveratrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention

2006

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Abstract.Oxidative stress imposed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology associated with neoplasia, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. The ROS-induced development of cancer involves malignant transformation due to altered gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms as well as DNA mutations. Considerable attention has been focused on identifying naturally occurring antioxidative phenolic phytochemicals that are able to decrease ROS levels, but the efficacies of antioxidant therapies have been equivocal at best. Several studies have shown that some antioxidants exhibit prooxidant activity under certain conditions and potential carcinogenicity under others, and that dietary supplementation with large amounts of a single antioxidant may be deleterious to human health. This article reviews the intracellular signaling pathways that respond to oxidative stress and how they are modulated by naturally occurring polyphenols. The possible toxicity and carcinogenicity of polyphenols is also discussed.

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Section: Resveratrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention

2006

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“…Una de las técnicas utilizada para esta vigilancia es el ensayo del cometa o la electroforesis alcalina de células individuales, que permite evaluar el daño causado en el material genético por diferentes agentes químicos y físicos (21)(22)(23). Tiene amplias aplicaciones en toxicología genética, en ensayos de genotoxicidad in vitro (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) e in vivo (30)(31)(32), en vigilancia biológica ambiental y en vigilancia de poblaciones humanas expuestas a diversas sustancias químicas mutagénicas (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

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Evaluación del daño en el ADN y vigilancia biológica de la exposición laboral a solventes orgánicos, 2006

et al. 2008

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Introducción. La exposición a solventes es uno de los mayores riesgos potenciales para millones de trabajadores en el mundo; los solventes generan contaminación ambiental y desencadenan problemas de salud pública. Objetivo. Determinar los niveles de los metabolitos benceno, tolueno y xileno, los polimorfismos de las enzimas CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1 y el daño del ADN mediante el ensayo del cometa. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal para la determinación de polimorfismos genéticos y prueba del cometa en 90 trabajadores pertenecientes a cinco empresas. Se aplicó una encuesta, se tomaron muestras de sangre y de orina, se midieron las concentraciones de fenol, ácido hipúrico orto y meta-metilhipúrico. Se hizo el análisis estadístico y se exploraron posibles asociaciones. Resultados. El 34,4% eran trabajadores con exposición directa a solventes. En este grupo se evidenciaron concentraciones superiores a los límites permisibles en 3,3% para fenol, en 6,6% para ácido hipúrico, en 3,3% para ácido orto-metilhipúrico y en 36,7% para ácido metametilhipúrico, mayor longitud promedio de la cola del cometa (19,5 µm) y un incremento del porcentaje de células con daño medio (19,0%) (p=0,0007). El porcentaje de individuos expuestos con genotipos ausentes para las enzimas GSTT1 y GSTM1 fue de 46,7% y de 56,8%, respectivamente. Conclusión. El uso de biomarcadores de exposición, efecto y susceptibilidad, se ha convertido en una herramienta fundamental para la evaluación del riesgo asociado con la exposición a agentes tóxicos.Palabras clave: daño del ADN/genética, exposición profesional, solventes/toxicidad, salud pública DNA damage assessment and biological monitoring of occupational exposure to organic solvents, 2006Introduction. Exposure to solvents is one of the highest potential risks for millions of workers in the world; they can generate substantial environmental pollution leading to outbreaks of public health problems. Objective. Blood levels were determined for metabolites of benzene, toluene and xylene, and polymorphisms for enzymes CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1 were characterized. Damage to DNA was assessed by the comet assay for exposure to organic solvents. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 90 employees from 5 different companies. A survey form was administered; blood was sampled to detect the genetic polymorphisms and to apply the comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) to detect DNA fragmentation. The concentrations of phenol, ortho and meta methylhippuric acids were measured in urine. Statistical analyses explored the possible associations. Results. The percentage of workers directly exposed to solvents was 34.4%. In this group, the evidence indicated concentrations higher than the permitted limits: 3.3% for phenol, 6.6% for

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“…Dietary supplementations with antioxidants and increased intake of fruits or vegetables rich in antioxidants have been shown to decrease the amount of oxidative DNA damage in vivo (7,8) and to reduce DNA breaks (9) as well as DNA oxidation (7) in human lymphocytes. In vitro evidence shows that vitamin C (ascorbic acid), a scavenger of reactive oxygen species, can reduce oxidative stress in sperm (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrients intake is associated with improved sperm DNA quality in older men

Schmid

Eskenazi

Marchetti

et al. 2012

Fertility and Sterility

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Capsule: Older men with higher dietary and supplement intake of certain micronutrients including vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, and zinc, but not β-carotene, may produce sperm with less DNA damage. Abstract (249 words)OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether lifestyle factors such as increased dietary intake of micronutrients reduce the risks of sperm DNA damage, and whether older men benefit more than younger men. DESIGN: Non-clinical group of 22-80-year-old non-smoking men (n~80) who reported no fertility problems.METHODS: Sociodemographics, occupational exposures, medical and reproductive histories, and lifestyle habits were determined by questionnaire. The average daily dietary and supplement intake of micronutrients (vitamin C, vitamin E,b-carotene, zinc, and folate) was determined using the 100-item Modified Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Associations between estimated micronutrient intake and sperm DNA damage, as well as their interactions with male age, were then assessed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: sperm DNA damage measured by alkaline and neutral DNA electrophoresis, i.e., sperm Comet. RESULTS: Men with highest intake of vitamin C had ~16% less sperm DNA damage (alkaline sperm Comet) than men with lowest intake (p<0.05), with similar findings for vitamin E, folate, and zinc (but not β-carotene). Older men (>44y) with highest vitamin C intake had ~20% less sperm DNA damage compared with older men with lowest intake (p<0.05), with similar findings for vitamin E and zinc. However, younger men (<44y) did not benefit from higher intakes of the micronutrients surveyed.CONCLUSIONS: Men with higher dietary and supplement intake of certain micronutrients may produce sperm with less DNA damage, especially among older men. This raises the broader question of how lifestyle factors including higher intakes of antioxidants and micronutrients might protect somatic as well as germ cells against age-associated genomic damage.

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Effect of diet and vitamin C on DNA strand breakage in freshly-isolated human white blood cells

Cited by 122 publications

References 27 publications

The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention

The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention

Evaluación del daño en el ADN y vigilancia biológica de la exposición laboral a solventes orgánicos, 2006

Micronutrients intake is associated with improved sperm DNA quality in older men

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