Effect of Diabetes mellitus and Different Treatments on Plasma and Erythrocyte Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition inType 2 Diabetics

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine how the fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids is influenced by the diabetic condition and by dietary or glibenclamide treatment in type 2 diabetes. Methods: The fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids is assessed in 3 nonobese groups of Cuban diabetics with comparable age and BMI: 13 newly diagnosed, 15 on diet alone and 15 on diet/glibenclamide. Thirteen healthy individuals were used as controls. Fasting serum glucose, insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin and dietary fat intake were assessed. Results: In plasma phospholipids, significant lower values were found for 14:0, 15:0 and 17:0 in newly diagnosed patients than in controls. In red blood cell phospholipids, 14:1, 20:0 and 24:1 of newly diagnosed patients were significantly lower than of controls, and 16:1ω7 and 18:4ω3 were significantly higher. The different treatments had an effect on 18:0, 18:1t, 20:0 and total trans fatty acids in erythrocyte, but not in plasma phospholipids. Conclusions: Changes in plasma phospholipid fatty acids found in type 2 diabetics may be due to an ‘adapted’ dietary pattern, whereas those in erythrocyte phospholipids may be attributed to effects of the disease itself and may be susceptible to normalization by diet or glibenclamide.

Marine N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Asians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Twenty-four published studies [3], [5]–[11], [14]–[22], [27], [29]–[34] including 24,509 T2D patients and 545,275 participants were identified from a full-text examination of 97 potentially relevant studies (Figure 1), 1 study from Australia [5], 1 study from Cuba [19], 7 studies from Europe [7], [14], [17], [21], [22], [27], [33], 8 studies from Asia [10], [11], [15], [16], [30]–[32], [34], and 7 studies from the US [3], [6], [8], [9], [18], [20], [29]. Among the included studies, 10 studies [3], [5]–[11], [27], [29] reported the association between n-3 PUFA and T2D risk, 7 studies [6]–[10], [14], [15] reported the association between fish intake and T2D risk, and 5 studies [6]–[10] reported both the associations of n-3 PUFA and fish intake with T2D risk.…”

Lipid Composition of the Human Eye: Are Red Blood Cells a Good Mirror of Retinal and Optic Nerve Fatty Acids?

“…Indeed, it is commonly said that the erythrocyte fatty acid composition is more representative than plasma for the long-term dietary intake in lipids [51], [65], [66], due to a life span of approximately 120 days [67]. Fatty acid composition of erythrocytes was used in a few number of human studies, particularly to assess the incorporation of dietary lipids into the blood compartment, and their bioavailability to peripheral tissues [4], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77]. Among them, a study of Makrides and collaborators has examined the fatty compositions of the brain, the retina, and the erythrocytes from post-mortem infants [4].…”

Preoperative short-term parenteral administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorates intestinal inflammation and postoperative ileus in rodents

“…Before extraction, 340 mg of NaCl was added. The lipid fraction was extracted by methanol/chloroform (1/2, v/v) according to a modified Folch method [29], and the lipid classes were separated using thin layer chromatography [30]. After scraping off the phospholipid band under UV light, the phospholipid fraction was methylated by methanol/HCl (100/ 4, v/v) incubation at 95°C for 4 h. The methyl esters were extracted by petroleum ether and analyzed by temperatureprogrammed capillary gas chromatography (column: CP-SIL 88, 50 m×0.25 mm, Chrompack, Middelburg, NL, FID detection).…”