Effect of Descriptive Information and Experience on Automation Reliance

Yuviler-Gavish, Nirit; Gopher, Daniel

doi:10.1177/0018720811406725

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Across the first two experiments, which were complex decisions-from-experience tasks based around the IGT, the presence of congruent descriptions influenced behavior and helped participants, whether the sequence of card was pseudo-randomized or followed the original fixed schedule. These findings initially appear to go against previous studies using simpler tasks that have shown no influence of congruent descriptions on behavior (Lejarraga & Gonzalez, 2011;Weiss-Cohen et al, 2016;Yuviler-Gavish & Gopher, 2011). We propose that it was the increased complexity of the task, with its four options and multiple outcomes, that led to descriptions being taken into account by participants in our experiment, while in previous studies the tasks were simpler, using two options with fewer outcomes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…The concept that feedback overwhelms descriptive information had been proposed before (Jessup, Bishara, & Busemeyer, 2008;Yuviler-Gavish & Gopher, 2011). Lejarraga (2010) showed empirically that individuals prefer experiences over descriptions, by allowing participants to choose between the two types of information, which was then used to learn the probabilities associated with the options available and make their decisions.…”

Section: Decisions From Description Vs Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Task complexity moderates the influence of descriptions in decisions from experience

et al. 2018

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Decisions-makers often have access to a combination of descriptive and experiential information, but limited research so far has explored decisions made using both. Three experiments explore the relationship between task complexity and the influence of descriptions. We show that in simple experiencebased decision-making tasks, providing congruent descriptions has little influence on task performance in comparison to experience alone without descriptions, since learning via experience is relatively easy. In more complex tasks, which are slower and more demanding to learn experientially, descriptions have stronger influence and help participants identify their preferred choices. However, when the task gets too complex to be concisely described, the influence of descriptions is reduced hence showing a non-monotonic pattern of influence of descriptions according to task complexity. We also propose a cognitive model that incorporates descriptive information into the traditional reinforcement learning framework, with the impact of descriptions moderated by task complexity. This model fits the observed behavior better than previous models and replicates the observed non-monotonic relationship between impact of descriptions and task complexity. This research has implications for the development of effective warning labels that rely on simple descriptive information to trigger safer behavior in complex environments.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Decisions From Description Vs Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Task complexity moderates the influence of descriptions in decisions from experience

et al. 2018

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“…In this particular setting, the participants reported that they evaluated the trustworthiness of the technology based on usability, competence, and appearance of the technology, individual characteristics of the user herself/himself, and demand and outcome of the task. Extensive empirical research has been conducted to investigate the factors related to usability and competence (Madhavan et al, 2006; Seong and Bisantz, 2008; Yuviler-Gavish and Gopher, 2011). However, more research is needed for some of the other factors, such as demand and outcome of the task (Ezer et al, 2005; Rice and Keller, 2009; Schwark et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How different types of users develop trust in technology: A qualitative analysis of the antecedents of active and passive user trust in a shared technology

Kim

Deitermann

et al. 2014

Applied Ergonomics

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The aim of this study was to investigate the antecedents of trust in technology for active users and passive users working with a shared technology. According to the prominence-interpretation theory, to assess the trustworthiness of a technology, a person must first perceive and evaluate elements of the system that includes the technology. An experimental study was conducted with 54 participants who worked in two-person teams in a multi-task environment with a shared technology. Trust in technology was measured using a trust in technology questionnaire and antecedents of trust were elicited using an open-ended question. A list of antecedents of trust in technology was derived using qualitative analysis techniques. The following categories emerged from the antecedent: technology factors, user factors, and task factors. Similarities and differences between active users and passive user responses, in terms of trust in technology were discussed.

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“…This research shows that, in contrast to situations in which people have only descriptive risk information 21 , people making experience-based decisions choose as if they give less weight to rare events than their objective likelihood of occurrence would warrant; a tendency which is exacerbated when forgone feedback from all choice options is available 20,22,23 . People also appear to rely more on experience when both described and experienced information are available 24 .…”

Section: Figure 1 | Screenshot Of the Georisk Microworld Used In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare disaster information can increase risk-taking

et al. 2015

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The recent increase in the frequency and impact of natural disasters 1 highlights the need to provide the public with accurate information concerning disaster prevalence. Most approaches to this problem assume that providing summaries of the nature and scale of disasters will lead people to reduce their exposure to risk 2 . Here we present experimental evidence that such ex post 'news reports' of disaster occurrences can increase the tolerance for risk-taking (which implies that rare events are underweighted 3 ). This result is robust across several hundred rounds of choices in a simulated microworld, persists even when the long-run expected value of risky choices is substantially lower than safe choices, and is contingent on providing risk information about disasters that have been (personally) experienced and those that have been avoided ('forgone' outcomes). The results suggest that augmenting personal experience with information summaries of the number of adverse events (for example, storms, floods) in di erent regions may, paradoxically, increase the appeal of a disaster-prone region. This finding implies a need to communicate long-term trends in severe climatic events, thereby reinforcing the accumulation of events, and the increase in their associated risks, across time 4 .For the past 20 years Munich Re have surveyed the previous year's natural catastrophes. Their most recent report 1 states: 'It is not just that the number of natural catastrophes studied over the decades has increased . . . as a result of climate change, but that the impact of these events (as anticipated) has also become much greater and more costly' . Thus, although climate change is gradual, its impact on communities is not only incremental and chronic but can also be sudden and acute because climate change alters the prevalence and severity of discrete climate-related negative events (for example, storms, floods, crop failures) 5 . This fact underscores the importance of understanding how people react to information about the risk of natural catastrophes.A common response to this communication problem is to assume that more information is better, and that providing descriptive summaries of risk levels will lead people to reduce their exposure to relevant risks. This approach is taken in many fields; examples include information about vehicle accidents in a given area 6-8 , the risk of forest fire 9 , flood risks 10 , and terrorist attacks (for example, the US Traveler Enrollment Program).Although evaluations of the response to these systems are scarce 8,9 , the hoped-for positive effect of summarized information does not always materialize. Several studies suggest that publicly available information summaries concerning catastrophic events sometimes have the paradoxical effect of decreasing overall risk estimates 11-13 . For example, in a study of residents living in an area close to, but unaffected by the 2011 Tohoku tsunami 13 , participants were presented with scenarios involving waves of varying heights and asked whether each req...

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Effect of Descriptive Information and Experience on Automation Reliance

Abstract: Implications for designing DSSLT and decision support systems in general are discussed.

Cited by 24 publications

References 51 publications

Task complexity moderates the influence of descriptions in decisions from experience

Task complexity moderates the influence of descriptions in decisions from experience

How different types of users develop trust in technology: A qualitative analysis of the antecedents of active and passive user trust in a shared technology

Rare disaster information can increase risk-taking

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