Effect of Conventional and Organic Production Practices on the Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry

Abstract

Intestinal tracts of broilers and turkeys from 10 conventional broiler farms and 10 conventional turkey farms, where antimicrobials were routinely used, and from 5 organic broiler farms and 5 organic turkey farms, where antimicrobials had never been used, were collected and cultured for Campylobacter species. A total of 694 Campylobacter isolates from the conventional and organic poultry operations were tested for antimicrobial resistance to nine antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. Although Campylobacter species were highly prevalent in both the conventional and organic poultry operations, the antimicrobial resistance rates were significantly different between the organic operations and the conventional operations. Less than 2% of Campylobacter strains isolated from organically raised poultry were resistant to fluoroquinolones, while 46% and 67% of Campylobacter isolates from conventionally raised broilers and conventionally raised turkeys, respectively, were resistant to these antimicrobials. In addition, a high frequency of resistance to erythromycin (80%), clindamycin (64%), kanamycin (76%), and ampicillin (31%) was observed among Campylobacter isolates from conventionally raised turkeys. None of the Campylobacter isolates obtained in this study was resistant to gentamicin, while a large number of the isolates from both conventional and organic poultry operations were resistant to tetracycline. Multidrug resistance was observed mainly among Campylobacter strains isolated from the conventional turkey operation (81%). Findings from this study clearly indicate the influence of conventional and organic poultry production practices on antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter on poultry farms.

Sustainability of livestock production systems : a comparing conventional and organic livestock husbandry

“…Two studies found a significantly higher prevalence in organic compared to conventional broilers on farm and processing level, whereas one study (Luangtongkum et al, 2006) did not find a significant difference (p>0.05). Heuer et al (2001) found a significantly higher (p<0.001) flock prevalence in organic compared to conventional broilers, although they did not detect a difference in broiler prevalence.…”

Detecção de resistência às fluoroquinolonas em Campylobacter isolados de frangos de criação orgânica

“…foram isolado de 100% das amostras investigadas. Outros autores também encontraram uma alta frequência de Campylobacter em frangos de criação orgânica, variando de 66% a 80% (Cui et al 2005, Luangtongkum et al 2006, Soonthornchaikul et al 2006. A elevada ocorrência de Campylobacter spp.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance Arising from Food-Animal Productions and Its Mitigation

“…For example, resistance to tetracycline has been found in 26 different bacterial genera and in 60 species from swine manure (Stine et al, 2007). Furthermore, with the wider use of antibiotics, multiple drug resistance often develops (Chen et al, 2008;D'Lima et al, 2007;Luangtongkum et al, 2006). A study conducted in the 1980s on swine manure showed low levels of multiple drug resistance (Hanzawa et al, 1984).…”