Effect of combined xylanase and phytase on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility, and carcass characteristics in growing pigs fed corn-based diets containing high-fiber coproducts1

Abstract

Phytate has been shown to be an antinutrient, and the feeding of high levels of phytase can break down phytate to improve nutrient utilization and pig performance. Dietary xylanase targets arabinoxylan breakdown, thereby improving energy utilization in pigs. However, the effects of simultaneous supplementation have not been clearly determined. Crossbred pigs ( = 45; mean initial weight, 26.4 ± 0.2 kg) were allotted to 1 of 9 treatments to evaluate the effects of both xylanase (endo-1,4-β xylanase [EC 3.2.1.8]) and phytase (6-phytase [EC 3.1.3.26]) supplementation as follows: 1) positive control (PC), a corn-soybean meal-based diet with 15% corn distillers dried grains with solubles, 15% wheat middlings, and 13% corn germ meal; 2) negative control (NC), ME was reduced by 103 kcal/kg from the PC diet by replacement of fat with corn starch; 3) NC + phytase (500 phytase units (FTU)/kg diet); 4) NC + phytase (1,000 FTU/kg diet); 5) NC + phytase (2,000 FTU/kg diet); 6) NC + xylanase (24,000 xylanase units [BXU]/kg diet); 7) NC + phytase (500 FTU/kg diet) + xylanase (24,000 BXU/kg diet); 8) NC + phytase (1,000 FTU/kg diet) + xylanase (24,000 BXU/kg diet); and 9) NC + phytase (2,000 FTU/kg diet) + xylanase (24,000 BXU/kg diet). All diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirements before phytase and xylanase addition to the diets. There were no significant interactions between xylanase and phytase supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD). The ADG ( < 0.01, quadratic) and G:F ( < 0.05, linear) for the overall period increased as phytase level increased. The ATTD of P increased as phytase supplementation level increased ( < 0.05, linear and quadratic). The ATTD of DM, NDF, ether extract ( < 0.05), and hemicellulose ( = 0.05) increased quadratically as phytase level increased. Estimated carcass lean percentage and lean gain increased ( < 0.05, linear) as phytase level increased. Xylanase supplementation had no effect on growth performance, ATTD, and carcass characteristics. The results demonstrated an improved nutrient digestibility, performance, and carcass response to phytase supplementation beyond P provision because all diets exceeded current P requirement estimates based on standardized total tract digestible P.

Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing and finishing pigs fed multienzyme-supplemented low-energy and -amino acid diets

“…The results from the current study are in contrast to those from the study of Kiarie et al (2012) who observed increased ADG of growing pigs from 22 to 55 kg BW, but not from 55 to 90 kg BW and hence for entire study period (22–90 kg BW) due to addition of a fiber-degrading enzyme product to corn–barley-based diet that had lower DE value than the recommended value by large magnitude (293 kcal/kg). Also, the results from the current study are in contrast to those from the study of Jang et al (2017) who did not observe an increased ADG of growing pigs from 26 to 122 kg BW due to addition of fiber-degrading enzyme product to corn-based diet that had lower ME value than the recommended value by large magnitude (103 kcal/kg). However, the enzyme product used in the current study contained xylanase, β-glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, and phytase activities; whereas the enzyme product used in the studies of Kiarie et al, (2012) and Jang et al (2017) contained only xylanase and β-glucanase activities, and xylanase activity, respectively.…”

“…Also, the results from the current study are in contrast to those from the study of Jang et al (2017) who did not observe an increased ADG of growing pigs from 26 to 122 kg BW due to addition of fiber-degrading enzyme product to corn-based diet that had lower ME value than the recommended value by large magnitude (103 kcal/kg). However, the enzyme product used in the current study contained xylanase, β-glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, and phytase activities; whereas the enzyme product used in the studies of Kiarie et al, (2012) and Jang et al (2017) contained only xylanase and β-glucanase activities, and xylanase activity, respectively. Thus, the differences between the current study and that of Kiarie et al (2012) and Jang et al (2017) with regard to the effects of supplemental multienzyme on growth performance of pigs could be attributed to differences in enzyme activities of the multienzyme products.…”

“… Emiola et al (2009) observed reduction in ADG of growing pigs due to reduction in dietary DE by 124 kcal/kg. Jang et al (2017) also served reduction in ADG of growing pigs due to reduction in dietary ME by 103 kcal/kg.…”

Evaluating phosphorus release by phytase in diets fed to growing pigs that are not deficient in phosphorus1

“…It has been suggested that phytate decreases fat digestibility, and that phytase should mitigate this effect (Camden et al, 2001;Selle et al, 2003;Vigors et al, 2014). The present results agree with this theory, as does research reported by Jang et al (2017). Although data from Almeida et al (2013) suggest phytase only improves N and GE digestibility when P-deficient diets are used, the current data suggest that phytase can improve digestibility of N and GE in P-adequate diets as well.…”

A dietary carbohydrase blend improved intestinal barrier function and growth rate in weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets1

“…All diets contained 500 phytase units ( FTU ) per kg diet and 0.15% standardized total tract digestible ( STTD ) P was assumed to be released by the phytase according to the manufacture’s recommendation. The results showed that neither X nor EB impacted ADFI and G:F over 28-d period, which was in agreement with Olukosi et al (2007) , Jang et al (2017) , and Tsai et al (2017) . The addition of EB had no impact ADG during day 0 to 7 and a tendency to improve ADG during day 8 to 14, and significantly increased ADG during day 15 to 21 and over the 28-d trial, indicating EB-supplemented diets need to be fed for at least 3 wk to show positive effects on growth rate in nusery pigs.…”