Effect of carbon nanotubes decorated with silver nanoparticles as hybrid filler on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Krainoi, Apinya; Kummerlöwe, Claudia; Vennemann, Norbert; Nakaramontri, Yeampon; Pichaiyut, Skulrat; Nakason, Charoen

doi:10.1002/app.47281

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, high thermal conductivity of GP might be another reason favoring the activation of ENR vulcanization. That is, high thermal conductivity of GP leads to higher rate of rubber vulcanization . In Figure , the GP‐activated ENR vulcanizate without stearic acid exhibited slightly lower crosslink density than the GP‐activated ENR vulcanizate with stearic acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Role of geopolymer as a cure activator in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber

Yangthong

Pichaiyut

Wisunthorn

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Geopolymer (GP) was synthesized and used as activators in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). Influences of GP on cure characteristics, crosslink density, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties were investigated and compared to the conventional rubber formulation with ZnO activator. The ZnO is a hazardous chemical for the environment and has proclaimed that its application in rubber technology should be reduced and controlled. It was found that the GP-activated ENR compounds showed significantly higher vulcanization rate than cases with the conventional ZnO compound. This was indicated by the GP activated compounds having shorter scorch time, cure times, and lower activation energy but higher cure rate index (CRI). Also, the GP activated ENR compounded with stearic acid exhibited the highest conversion. This matches well the highest torque difference and crosslink density, observed by temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) and swelling measurements. Furthermore, the GP-activated vulcanizate had better thermal stability than the ZnO-activated ENR material. In addition, the GP-activated ENR vulcanizate with stearic acid exhibited high 100% moduli, tensile strength, and hardness. This proves that GP has a high potential for use as activators in sulfur vulcanization of rubber compounds, as an alternative to the conventional ZnO.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Role of geopolymer as a cure activator in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber

Yangthong

Pichaiyut

Wisunthorn

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The conductive NR composite with CNT-decorated AgNP (Figure 12) was prepared via the latex mixing method to get homogenous dispersion of the filler [42]. The decoration of CNT surfaces with AgNP significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity and lowered the percolation threshold concentration of NR composites when compared to the composites with plain CNT filler.…”

Section: Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticle In Natural Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might be due to the synergy of plasticizing by IL (BMI), contributed to good dispersion of CNT. It forms three-dimensional networks in the NR matrix [42].…”

Section: Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid In Natural Rubber Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites

Krainoi¹,

Johns²,

Kalkornsurapranee³

et al. 2021

Carbon Nanotubes - Redefining the World of Electronics

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Several advanced methods have been introduced to disperse CNTs in the NR matrix. Various aspects highlighted in this chapter include the mixing processes such as melt mixing and latex mixing methods. As well as, formations of functional groups on the surfaces of CNT using silane coupling agents (i.e., ex-situ and in-situ functionalization). Moreover, hybrid CNT are beneficial to achieve better electrical conductivity of NR/CNT composites. These efforts are aimed to reduce the percolation threshold concentration in the NR composites for application as conducting composites based on electrically insulating rubber matrix. Sensor application is developed based on conducting NR composites. NR composites showed changing of resistivity during elongation termed as piezoresistivity. The most commonly used rubber matrices such as NR, ENR and IR are mixed with a combination of CNT and CB fillers as hybrid filler. The presence of linkages in the ENR composites results in the least loss of conductivity during external strain. It is found that the conductivity becomes stable after 3000 cycles. This is found to be similar to the NR-CNT/CB composite, while a few cycles are needed for IR-CNT/CB owing to the higher filler agglomeration and poor filler-rubber interactions. This is attributed to the polar chemical interactions between ENR and the functional groups on the surfaces of CNT/CB.

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“…[4][5][6] As is well known, nanomaterials have often been added into polymer matrix to enhance its mechanical strength, friction and wear properties, due to their unique microstructure, surface and volume effects, and excellent physical and chemical properties. [7][8][9] For example, carbon nanotube (CNT), a tubular nanograde graphite crystal, has high elastic modulus, tensile strength, outstanding thermal, and tribological properties [10][11][12] and it is considered to be an ideal nanofiller for improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of polymers. Johnson et al have reported that the total wear rate of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is reduced by 50% and its friction coefficient is reduced by at least 12% by adding 5% CNT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement on the tribological properties of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) by carbon nanotube‐supported graphitic carbon nitride hybrid

et al. 2020

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A novel hybrid of carbon nanotube‐supported graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4/CNT) was firstly fabricated via facile calcination method, and then filled into poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) to prepare self‐lubricating composite film. The microstructure and chemical composition of g‐C3N4/CNT hybrid were characterized, and its enhancement on the tribological properties of PPESK was investigated by comparing to pure PPESK and its composite films with g‐C3N4 or CNT only. Results showed that g‐C3N4 was in situ attached to CNT surface uniformly, which favored for improving the physical and chemical interfacial interaction between fillers and PPESK. Besides, by the incorporation of g‐C3N4/CNT, the hardness and elastic modulus of PPESK were improved by 15.05% and 41.75%, respectively. More importantly, PPESK‐g‐C3N4/CNT composite film showed the best tribological property among PPESK composite films. Its friction coefficient and wear rates were 65.5% and 84.1% lower than those of pure PPESK, as a result of good dispersion and interfacial action, as well as synergism between CNT and g‐C3N4. Based on the worn surface analysis, the enhancement mechanism of g‐C3N4/CNT was proposed.

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Effect of carbon nanotubes decorated with silver nanoparticles as hybrid filler on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Role of geopolymer as a cure activator in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber

Role of geopolymer as a cure activator in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber

Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites

Enhancement on the tribological properties of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) by carbon nanotube‐supported graphitic carbon nitride hybrid

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