Effect of Bacoside A on growth and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of Bacoside A, a mixture formulation of phytochemicals from Bacopa monnieri against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which are known to form biofilm as one of their virulence traits. The antimicrobial effects of Bacoside A were tested using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Cell membrane disruption assay was performed to find its possible target site. MTT assay, crystal violet assay and microscopic studies were performed to assess the antibiofilm activity.Bacoside A showed its antimicrobial activity against both the test organisms in their planktonic and biofilm states. It could significantly remove ~88-93% bacterial biofilm developed on microtiter plate at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of 200 µg mL -1 .Biochemical and microscopic studies suggested that the eradication of biofilm might be due to the loss of extracellular polymeric substances and change in cell membrane integrity of the selected bacterial strains treated with Bacoside A. These results indicate that Bacoside A might be considered as an antimicrobial having ability to disrupt biofilms, thus it could alone or in combination with other therapeutics be useful to treat biofilm related infections caused by opportunistic bacterial pathogens.

Potential and Prophylactic Use of Plants Containing Saponin-Type Compounds as Antibiofilm Agents against Respiratory Tract Infections

“…e high eradication of the bacterial biofilm after the treatment with Bacoside A was presented by SEM images qualitatively. MTT analysis also determined the percentage of mortality of bacterial cells in a treated biofilm (200 µg/mL) [19,20].…”

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of some nickel, cadmium and mercury complexes of 5-methyl pyrazole-3yl-N-(2′-methylthiophenyl) methyleneimine, (MPzOATA) ligand

“…Enterobacter aerogenes 10102).Bacterial membrane damage assay was also performed to further verify the efficacy of the complexes on bacterial cell membrane integrity. Membrane damage was determined by quantifying the quantum of nucleic acids released from the cell interior[40,41]. This assay wasperformed on a gram positive (Bacillus subtilis 6633) and a gram negative (Proteus vulgaris OX19) bacterial strain as representative from two distinct groups under study.…”

Cd(II) Pseudohalide Complexes with N, N′‐Bis(3‐ethoxysalicylidenimino) 1,3‐Diaminopropane: Crystal Structures, Hirshfeld Surface, Antibacterial and Anti‐Biofilm Properties

“…The tested cadmium complexes might alter the bacterial cell membrane integrity and permeability, change the physical and chemical properties of the membrane, interact with intracellular components leading to release of nucleic acid, the master molecule of the cell. Thus the bioactive chemical agents might become capable of preventing the normal functions of bacteria either killing or inhibiting the cell . The study clearly offers both the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of those cadmium complexes 1–3 which have significant bearing upon their potential application against bacterial pathogens.…”