Effect of annealing temperature and atmosphere on the structural, morphological and luminescent properties of TiO2 nanotubes

Gas-Phase Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 and TiO2–CuO Nanoparticulate Thin Films

“…The absence of Cu x O peaks could be attributed to the relatively low concentration and dispersion of Cu x O loaded [ 13 ]. The crystallite size of the nanoparticles could be estimated from Scherrer’s equation D = kλ /( B cos θ ), where k , λ , B , and θ denote the constant value ( k = 0.89), wavelength of the X-ray source ( λ = 0.154 nm), full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the XRD peak, and peak angle, respectively [ 26 ]. The calculation yielded crystallite sizes of 13.07 nm for pristine TiO 2 and 14.99 nm for TiO 2 -CuO, which are reasonable compared to the sizes obtained from direct measurement of the nanoparticles from the TEM images.…”

Optimizing the performance of Auy/Nix/TiO2NTs photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

“…10 . The PL spectra of TiO 2 NTs showed the highest intensity and exhibited peaks at 420 and 452 nm assigned to self-trapped excitons 61 where peaks at 469, 482 and 502 nm can be ascribed to oxygen vacancies and surface defects. 62 The PL spectra of Ni x /TiO 2 NTs photoelectrodes showed the same peaks but with reduced intensity indicating lower rate of photoexcited e − /h + recombination and improved efficiency of charge separation which is beneficial in the PEC process.…”

“…10. The PL spectra of TiO 2 NTs showed the highest intensity and exhibited peaks at 420 and 452 nm assigned to self-trapped excitons 61 where peaks at 469, 482 and 502 nm can be ascribed to oxygen vacancies and surface defects. 62 The PL spectra of Ni x /TiO 2 NTs photoelectrodes showed the same peaks but with reduced intensity indicating lower rate of photoexcited e − /h + recombination and It is known that PL signals of semiconductor materials result from the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers thus in general, the lower the PL intensity, the lower the recombination rate of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, and hence higher photocatalytic activity.…”

Recent advances in anodically fabricated amorphous TiO2 nanotubes crystallization techniques and their applications

“…The direct influence of the phase composition of TiO 2 on photocatalytic degradation has been observed. The blend of anatase (80%) and rutile (20%) demonstrated a composition that resulted in a significant level of photocatalytic activity [36][37][38].…”