Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages

Hudson, Rick H.; Tucker, Richard K.; Haegele, M.A.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(72)90284-0

Cited by 66 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The LCso for adult leopard frogs was 30,000 ",giL (Whitney 1965). The toxicity of a single oral dose (LDso) in the bullfrog was greater than 400 mg/kg, which indicates that this species is approximately 10 times more tolerant than are avian species (Hudson et al 1972). The I-d and 6-d LCsos to tadpoles of Rana tigrina were 177 and 10 ",giL, respectively (Abbasi and Soni 1991).…”

Section: Reptiles and Amphibiansmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For example, adult starlings are more sensitive than red-winged blackbird adults (Schafer 1972), but nestling blackbirds appear more sensitive than nestling starlings (Meyers et al 1992). Mallard ducks (1.5-180 d old) exhibited a less than threefold variation in LDso values (Table 8) (Hudson et al 1972). In contrast to mammalian species, young, nonbreeding birds show minimal sex-dependent differences in sensitivity to pesticides (Tucker and Haegele 1971).…”

Section: Smentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Barron¹,

Woodburn

1995

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

153

104

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Section: Reptiles and Amphibiansmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Barron¹,

Woodburn

1995

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

153

104

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“…Fingerling et al. (14) state that toxaphene consists of at least [180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190] components mostly with the formula C 10 H 18-n Cl n or C 10 H 16-n Cl n where n is 6-10. Buser et al (15) report that polychlorobornanes (C 10 H 18-n Cl n where n = 5-12) are formed as the main components in a Wagner-Meerwin type rearrangement reaction.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental occurrence, analysis, and toxicology of toxaphene compounds.

Geus¹,

Besselink²,

Brouwer³

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Very young chicks may be particularly susceptible to direct toxic effects of anticholinesterase insecticides because of their small body size. They may also be more sensitive to insecticides so that a smaller dose relative to body weight could cause intoxication, although the opposite has also been demonstrated [12,13]. During their first 3 to 4 weeks of life, juvenile sharp-tailed grouse, gray partridge, and pheasants consume large quantities of arthropods [9,11,14], a food source that may be contaminated by insecticides following spray applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grasshopper‐control insecticides on survival and brain acetylcholinesterase of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) chicks

Martin

Ohnson

Forsyth³

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) chicks were exposed via contact and/or ingestion to formulations of three insecticides (Lorsban 4E, chlorpyrifos; Cygon 480E, dimethoate; and Furadan 480F, carbofuran) applied to pasture plots at one and four times the rate recommended for control of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in prairie Canada. Chicks (3 d old) were exposed for 48 h in pens with the sprayed vegetation and were fed either unsprayed grasshoppers or grasshoppers sprayed at the same rates as the vegetation. Control groups were exposed to unsprayed vegetation and received unsprayed grasshoppers. Three replicates were conducted throughout June and early July 1992.Although some signs of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) depression were observed in chicks exposed to insecticides, there was no difference in the number of mortalities among treatment and control groups. Chicks that died during the exposure period gained significantly less weight than survivors in all groups. Among surviving chicks, weight gains of those exposed to the high-rate Furadan treatment consuming sprayed food were significantly lower than those of controls (1.8 vs. 6.6 g/d). Brain AChE activity was lower overall in surviving chicks than in those that died; it was not significantly reduced among chicks that died in any treatment group. Overall, survivors of Furadan-exposed treatment regimes had lower AChE activity than those of Cygon and Lorsban treatments; birds in high-spray-rate treatments of all insecticides had lower AChE activity than those in all low-spray-rate treatments; and birds in all treatments consuming sprayed grasshoppers had lower AChE activity than those fed unsprayed grasshoppers. Food consumption was not affected by any treatment.

show abstract

Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Environmental occurrence, analysis, and toxicology of toxaphene compounds.

Effects of grasshopper‐control insecticides on survival and brain acetylcholinesterase of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) chicks

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